修复地图数字化时断裂的等高线，提升数字高程模型精度
Reconstruction of Contour Lines During the Digitization of Contour Maps to Build a Digital Elevation Model
- 用最小欧氏距离和梯度方向匹配断点，精准定位连接点
- 采用三次埃尔米特样条插值重建曲线，使表面曲率最小化
- 适合地图数字化、DEM构建人员使用，尤其处理破损等高线
等高线图中的等高线对构建数字高程模型（DEM）至关重要。在等高线图的数字化与预处理过程中，等高线常出现交叉或断裂，形成不连续的线段，这会显著增加构建DEM的风险，导致模型错误。本研究提出一种简单而高效的方法，准确且快速地匹配并重新连接断裂线段的端点。端点匹配基于最小欧氏距离与梯度方向；线段重建则采用三次埃尔米特样条插值技术，通过数学函数估算中间值，使整体表面曲率最小化，从而生成平滑曲线。该方法旨在修复数字化过程中产生的断裂等高线，以构建最符合原始等高线图的数字高程模型。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Contour map has contour lines that are significant in building a Digital Elevation Model (DEM). During the digitization and pre-processing of contour maps, the contour line intersects with each other or break apart resulting in broken contour segments. These broken segments impose a greater risk while building DEM leading to a faulty model. In this project, a simple yet efficient mechanism is used to match and reconnect the endpoints of the broken segments accurately and efficiently. The matching of the endpoints is done using the concept of minimum Euclidean distance and gradient direction while the Cubic Hermite spline interpolation technique is used to reconnect the endpoints by estimating the values using a mathematical function that minimizes overall surface curvature resulting in a smooth curve. The purpose of this work is to reconnect the broken contour lines generated during the digitization of the contour map, to help build the most appropriate digital elevation model for the corresponding contour map.
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