无需分割即可自动配准冠脉影像,提升融合精度。
TG-OT: Topology-guided CCTA-IVUS registration via optimal transport matching
- 用轻量CNN直接预测钙化、分叉等拓扑特征,不依赖分割。
- 在47例数据上实现99%中心线匹配率和69%管腔对齐率。
- 适合临床需自动化融合多模态冠脉影像的场景。
冠状动脉CT血管造影(CCTA)与血管内超声(IVUS)的配准可实现单一模态无法提供的全面冠脉分析,但因成像几何、分辨率及伪影差异,融合仍具挑战。现有方法依赖预计算的管腔或血管壁分割,而钙化导致的声学阴影使分割不可靠,限制了临床应用。本文提出TG-OT,一种完全自动的CCTA-IVUS配准框架,通过将训练好的特征检测器直接融入配准流程,消除对分割的依赖。在柱面坐标(θ, z)上训练轻量CNN以预测钙化、分叉及管腔半径,促进拓扑一致性检测。配准被建模为基于未平衡Sinkhorn最优传输损失的中心线形变参数优化,在柱面几何下提供空间信息梯度,即使预测空间分离也能有效引导;辅以管腔匹配项。在47对配对数据的五折交叉验证中,TG-OT实现了纵向匹配平均Dice达0.99,旋转匹配平均S_c为0.96,管腔对齐平均Dice为0.69,全程无需人工干预或先验分割,标志着向全自动CCTA-IVUS融合临床集成迈出重要一步。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Registering coronary CT angiography (CCTA) and intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) enables comprehensive coronary analysis that neither modality can provide alone, yet their fusion remains challenging due to differences in imaging geometry, resolution, and artifact profiles. Existing methods depend on pre-computed lumen or vessel wall segmentations that are unreliable under IVUS acoustic shadowing from calcifications, limiting their clinical applicability. We propose TG-OT, a fully automatic CCTA-IVUS registration framework that eliminates this dependency by integrating trained feature detectors directly into the registration pipeline. Lightweight CNNs are trained to predict calcifications, bifurcations, and lumen radii on the topological $(θ, z)$ cylinder, encouraging topologically coherent detections without requiring explicit segmentation. Registration is formulated as an optimization over centerline warping parameters, driven by an unbalanced Sinkhorn optimal transport loss on the cylindrical geometry that provides spatially informative gradients even for spatially disjoint predictions, complemented by a lumen matching term. Evaluated on $N{=}47$ paired CCTA-IVUS cases in a 5-fold cross-validation setup, TG-OT achieves strong longitudinal ($\overline{\text{Dice}}_\text{ctl}{=}0.99$), rotational ($\overline{S}_c{=}0.96$), and lumen alignment ($\overline{\text{Dice}}_\text{L}{=}0.69$) without manual interaction or prior segmentation, marking a meaningful step toward clinical integration of automatic CCTA-IVUS fusion.
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