用视觉模型生成上下文描述,让大模型更高效地回答视频问题。
VidCtx: Context-aware Video Question Answering with Image Models
- 用预训练多模态模型定期生成与问题相关的帧描述作上下文。
- 在三个公开数据集上表现接近开源模型的顶尖水平。
- 适合资源有限但需高精度视频问答的场景使用。
为解决大型多模态模型在视频问答任务中面临的计算和内存限制,现有方法通常对每帧提取文本表示(如通过图像描述),再输入大语言模型(LLM)生成答案。然而,这种方法使LLM无法获取视觉信息,且需处理邻近帧的重复描述。为此,本文提出VidCtx——一种无需训练的视频问答框架,融合视觉信息与关键帧的上下文文本描述。具体而言,利用预训练的大型多模态模型(LMM),在固定间隔生成与问题相关的帧描述作为上下文;随后,同一LMM以某帧、问题及远距离帧的描述为输入进行问答。为避免冗余,选择距离较远帧的描述作为上下文,并采用简单的最大池化机制聚合帧级决策。该方法使模型聚焦于视频相关片段,可扩展至高帧率视频。实验表明,VidCtx在NExT-QA、IntentQA和STAR三个公开视频问答基准上达到与依赖开源模型的方法相当的性能。代码已公开于https://github.com/IDT-ITI/VidCtx。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
To address computational and memory limitations of Large Multimodal Models in the Video Question-Answering task, several recent methods extract textual representations per frame (e.g., by captioning) and feed them to a Large Language Model (LLM) that processes them to produce the final response. However, in this way, the LLM does not have access to visual information and often has to process repetitive textual descriptions of nearby frames. To address those shortcomings, in this paper, we introduce VidCtx, a novel training-free VideoQA framework which integrates both modalities, i.e. both visual information from input frames and textual descriptions of others frames that give the appropriate context. More specifically, in the proposed framework a pre-trained Large Multimodal Model (LMM) is prompted to extract at regular intervals, question-aware textual descriptions (captions) of video frames. Those will be used as context when the same LMM will be prompted to answer the question at hand given as input a) a certain frame, b) the question and c) the context/caption of an appropriate frame. To avoid redundant information, we chose as context the descriptions of distant frames. Finally, a simple yet effective max pooling mechanism is used to aggregate the frame-level decisions. This methodology enables the model to focus on the relevant segments of the video and scale to a high number of frames. Experiments show that VidCtx achieves competitive performance among approaches that rely on open models on three public Video QA benchmarks, NExT-QA, IntentQA and STAR. Our code is available at https://github.com/IDT-ITI/VidCtx.
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