用强化学习方法找到生成模型的最佳组合,效果比单个模型更好。
Be More Diverse than the Most Diverse: Optimal Mixtures of Generative Models via Mixture-UCB Bandit Algorithms
- 将模型混合选择建模为多臂赌博机问题,用Mixture-UCB算法高效搜索最优组合。
- 在图像数据集上,混合模型的FID和KID评分均优于单个模型。
- 适合需要提升生成质量与多样性的研究人员和工程师使用。
多种训练算法和架构使得生成模型的选择成为关键问题。传统方法仅挑选表现最佳的单一模型,但本文发现,多个已训练模型的混合体可显著提升生成质量与多样性。通过数值实验验证,在基准图像数据集上,混合模型在FID和KID评分上均优于单个模型。为此,本文提出一个基于核函数评价指标(如KID、RKE)的二次优化框架,并设计了Mixture-UCB算法,在最少样本查询下收敛至最优混合权重。该算法可推广至任意凸二次目标函数,在一般多臂赌博机设置中有效。理论证明其具有可保证的遗憾界,并在文本与图像生成模型上完成多组实验,验证了其有效性。项目代码公开于https://github.com/Rezaei-Parham/Mixture-UCB。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
The availability of multiple training algorithms and architectures for generative models requires a selection mechanism to form a single model over a group of well-trained generation models. The selection task is commonly addressed by identifying the model that maximizes an evaluation score based on the diversity and quality of the generated data. However, such a best-model identification approach overlooks the possibility that a mixture of available models can outperform each individual model. In this work, we numerically show that a mixture of generative models on benchmark image datasets can indeed achieve a better evaluation score (based on FID and KID scores), compared to the individual models. This observation motivates the development of efficient algorithms for selecting the optimal mixture of the models. To address this, we formulate a quadratic optimization problem to find an optimal mixture model achieving the maximum of kernel-based evaluation scores including kernel inception distance (KID) and Rényi kernel entropy (RKE). To identify the optimal mixture of the models using the fewest possible sample queries, we view the selection task as a multi-armed bandit (MAB) problem and propose the Mixture Upper Confidence Bound (Mixture-UCB) algorithm that provably converges to the optimal mixture of the involved models. More broadly, the proposed Mixture-UCB can be extended to optimize every convex quadratic function of the mixture weights in a general MAB setting. We prove a regret bound for the Mixture-UCB algorithm and perform several numerical experiments to show the success of Mixture-UCB in finding the optimal mixture of text and image generative models. The project code is available at https://github.com/Rezaei-Parham/Mixture-UCB.
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