用元学习提升脑电设备分类准确率,小样本下也能快速适配新用户。
EEG-Reptile: An Automatized Reptile-Based Meta-Learning Library for BCIs
- 基于Reptile算法自动优化脑电分类模型,实现跨被试迁移
- 在两个数据集上均优于传统迁移学习,零样本与少样本场景下提升明显
- 无需懂元学习,自动化工具适合临床与工程应用
元学习(即“学会学习”)是一种有前景的方法,可在数据有限的情况下高效训练脑机接口(BCI)分类器。它能有效利用若干相关分类任务的集合,在仅提供少量数据的新任务上实现快速适应。然而,将元学习应用于现有分类器和BCI任务需大量工作。为此,我们提出EEG-Reptile,一个自动化库,通过元学习提升神经网络在BCI及其他脑电应用中的分类精度。该库采用Reptile元学习算法,使脑电分类器能够适应跨被试域,从而在少量数据下实现更高效的微调。其包含自动超参数调优模块、数据管理流水线及Reptile算法实现。自动化设计使其无需深入理解元学习即可使用。我们在两个基准数据集(BCI IV 2a、Lee2019 MI)和三种神经网络架构(EEGNet、FBCNet、EEG-Inception)上验证了有效性,结果表明在零样本与少样本场景中均优于传统迁移学习方法。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Meta-learning, i.e., "learning to learn", is a promising approach to enable efficient BCI classifier training with limited amounts of data. It can effectively use collections of in some way similar classification tasks, with rapid adaptation to new tasks where only minimal data are available. However, applying meta-learning to existing classifiers and BCI tasks requires significant effort. To address this issue, we propose EEG-Reptile, an automated library that leverages meta-learning to improve classification accuracy of neural networks in BCIs and other EEG-based applications. It utilizes the Reptile meta-learning algorithm to adapt neural network classifiers of EEG data to the inter-subject domain, allowing for more efficient fine-tuning for a new subject on a small amount of data. The proposed library incorporates an automated hyperparameter tuning module, a data management pipeline, and an implementation of the Reptile meta-learning algorithm. EEG-Reptile automation level allows using it without deep understanding of meta-learning. We demonstrate the effectiveness of EEG-Reptile on two benchmark datasets (BCI IV 2a, Lee2019 MI) and three neural network architectures (EEGNet, FBCNet, EEG-Inception). Our library achieved improvement in both zero-shot and few-shot learning scenarios compared to traditional transfer learning approaches.
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