耗时1万小时实验,找出最优时序图神经网络设计组合。
Towards Ideal Temporal Graph Neural Networks: Evaluations and Conclusions after 10,000 GPU Hours
- 统一优化代码框架,系统对比主流时序图神经网络模块。
- 最新邻居采样与注意力聚合优于传统方法,静态节点记忆更高效。
- 模型选择应匹配数据重复模式,为未来设计提供方向。
时序图神经网络(TGNNs)在建模动态交互方面表现强劲,但其设计空间复杂,面临运行效率与可扩展性的挑战。现有研究常因未充分探索设计空间而产生次优方案,且基准测试多基于原始实现,导致准确率和运行时间比较不清。为此,我们提出一种实用的对比评估框架,在统一优化的代码实现下对知名TGNN模块进行设计空间搜索。通过超过10,000 GPU小时的实验,首次系统回答三个核心问题:(1)不同模块设计的效率差异;(2)模块有效性与数据集模式的关系;(3)多个模块间的相互作用。关键发现包括:最新的邻居采样与注意力聚合优于均匀采样与MLP-Mixer聚合;静态节点记忆是有效的替代方案,选择静态或动态记忆应依据数据集中是否存在重复模式。本研究揭示了模块与数据模式的深层关联,为构建更通用、高效的TGNN提供了深刻洞见与潜在研究方向。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Temporal Graph Neural Networks (TGNNs) have emerged as powerful tools for modeling dynamic interactions across various domains. The design space of TGNNs is notably complex, given the unique challenges in runtime efficiency and scalability raised by the evolving nature of temporal graphs. We contend that many of the existing works on TGNN modeling inadequately explore the design space, leading to suboptimal designs. Viewing TGNN models through a performance-focused lens often obstructs a deeper understanding of the advantages and disadvantages of each technique. Specifically, benchmarking efforts inherently evaluate models in their original designs and implementations, resulting in unclear accuracy comparisons and misleading runtime. To address these shortcomings, we propose a practical comparative evaluation framework that performs a design space search across well-known TGNN modules based on a unified, optimized code implementation. Using our framework, we make the first efforts towards addressing three critical questions in TGNN design, spending over 10,000 GPU hours: (1) investigating the efficiency of TGNN module designs, (2) analyzing how the effectiveness of these modules correlates with dataset patterns, and (3) exploring the interplay between multiple modules. Key outcomes of this directed investigative approach include demonstrating that the most recent neighbor sampling and attention aggregator outperform uniform neighbor sampling and MLP-Mixer aggregator; Assessing static node memory as an effective node memory alternative, and showing that the choice between static or dynamic node memory should be based on the repetition patterns in the dataset. Our in-depth analysis of the interplay between TGNN modules and dataset patterns should provide a deeper insight into TGNN performance along with potential research directions for designing more general and effective TGNNs.
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