用生成模型跨频段预测信道指纹,提升多频段大规模MIMO性能。
CF-CGN: Channel Fingerprints Extrapolation for Multi-band Massive MIMO Transmission based on Cycle-Consistent Generative Networks
- 将信道指纹视为多通道图像,用循环一致生成网络实现频段间迁移。
- 在不同场景下误差比基准方法低5-17 dB,接近理想信道状态信息表现。
- 适合需要高效信道估计的多频段无线系统,如Wi-Fi和未来移动通信。
多频段大规模多输入多输出(MIMO)通信可促进授权与非授权频谱协作,显著提升Wi-Fi等无线系统的频谱效率。作为多频段传输的关键技术,信道指纹(CF)即信道知识图或无线电环境图,用于辅助信道状态信息(CSI)获取并降低计算复杂度。本文提出基于循环一致生成网络的信道指纹外推方法(CF-CGN),支持授权与非授权频谱协同下的多频段大规模MIMO传输。具体而言,将CF建模为多通道图像,将外推问题转化为图像翻译任务,通过挖掘波束域统计CSI的共享特性,实现不同频段间的转换;设计配对生成网络,并以可变权重循环一致性损失耦合,拟合不同频段间的互易关系;配套提出联合训练策略,实现所有可训练参数的同步优化。推理阶段引入精炼机制,基于CF分辨率提升外推精度。数值结果表明,所提方法在不同通信场景下实现双向外推,误差较基准方法低5-17 dB,展现出优异泛化能力;基于CF-CGN的信道指纹使多频段大规模MIMO系统吞吐量接近理想CSI水平。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Multi-band massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communication can promote the cooperation of licensed and unlicensed spectra, effectively enhancing spectrum efficiency for Wi-Fi and other wireless systems. As an enabler for multi-band transmission, channel fingerprints (CF), also known as the channel knowledge map or radio environment map, are used to assist channel state information (CSI) acquisition and reduce computational complexity. In this paper, we propose CF-CGN (Channel Fingerprints with Cycle-consistent Generative Networks) to extrapolate CF for multi-band massive MIMO transmission where licensed and unlicensed spectra cooperate to provide ubiquitous connectivity. Specifically, we first model CF as a multichannel image and transform the extrapolation problem into an image translation task, which converts CF from one frequency to another by exploring the shared characteristics of statistical CSI in the beam domain. Then, paired generative networks are designed and coupled by variable-weight cycle consistency losses to fit the reciprocal relationship at different bands. Matched with the coupled networks, a joint training strategy is developed accordingly, supporting synchronous optimization of all trainable parameters. During the inference process, we also introduce a refining scheme to improve the extrapolation accuracy based on the resolution of CF. Numerical results illustrate that our proposed CF-CGN can achieve bidirectional extrapolation with an error of 5-17 dB lower than the benchmarks in different communication scenarios, demonstrating its excellent generalization ability. We further show that the sum rate performance assisted by CF-CGN-based CF is close to that with perfect CSI for multi-band massive MIMO transmission.
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