用自然演绎处理非指称描述的推理，成功推导出斯特劳森存在预设规则
Two Cases of Deduction with Non-referring Descriptions
- 基于部分类型论的自然演绎系统，处理语言中无指称描述的推理
- 在特定语境下推导出非指称描述的存在的预设条件
- 适合逻辑学与语言哲学研究者阅读
对非指称项（如“法国国王”）的形式推理仍属未充分研究领域。本文提出不同于现有自由逻辑与序列演算的方法，采用蒙塔古和蒂奇风格的自然语言形式化，在部分类型论框架下使用自然演绎的序列样式，成功处理了涉及非指称描述的意向性动词句的推理，并推导出此类句子的斯特劳森存在预设规则。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Formal reasoning with non-denoting terms, esp. non-referring descriptions such as "the King of France", is still an under-investigated area. The recent exception being a series of papers e.g. by Indrzejczak, Zawidzki and Krbis. The present paper offers an alternative to their approach since instead of free logic and sequent calculus, it's framed in partial type theory with natural deduction in sequent style. Using a Montague- and Tichý-style formalization of natural language, the paper successfully handles deduction with intensional transitives whose complements are non-referring descriptions, and derives Strawsonian rules for existential presuppositions of sentences with such descriptions.
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