arXiv:2501.00795cs.CV2025-01被引 16

用大模型把视频当文本序列,预测未来动作。

Multimodal Large Models Are Effective Action Anticipators

  • 将视频帧序列转为文本令牌,用大模型直接预测动作
  • 在多个基准数据集上优于传统方法,最高提升12.3%准确率
  • 适合做长期动作预测的研究者和视频理解系统开发者

长期动作预测需要有效建模长时间动态并深入理解动作语义。传统方法依赖循环单元或Transformer捕捉长时依赖,常力不从心。大语言模型(LLM)具备强大的序列建模能力和丰富的常识知识,为该任务带来新可能。本文提出ActionLLM框架,将视频序列视为连续文本令牌,利用LLM进行未来动作预测。基础模型通过设定未来令牌、引入动作调优模块,并将文本解码层简化为线性层,实现无需复杂指令的直接动作预测。为进一步挖掘LLM的常识推理能力,我们对观测帧预测动作类别,并利用序列文本线索引导语义理解。此外,设计跨模态交互模块,探索各模态内部特异性并捕捉视觉与文本间的交互,增强多模态调优。在多个基准数据集上的实验表明,所提框架显著优于现有方法,为大模型在动作预测中的应用开辟了新方向。代码已开源:https://github.com/2tianyao1/ActionLLM.git。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

The task of long-term action anticipation demands solutions that can effectively model temporal dynamics over extended periods while deeply understanding the inherent semantics of actions. Traditional approaches, which primarily rely on recurrent units or Transformer layers to capture long-term dependencies, often fall short in addressing these challenges. Large Language Models (LLMs), with their robust sequential modeling capabilities and extensive commonsense knowledge, present new opportunities for long-term action anticipation. In this work, we introduce the ActionLLM framework, a novel approach that treats video sequences as successive tokens, leveraging LLMs to anticipate future actions. Our baseline model simplifies the LLM architecture by setting future tokens, incorporating an action tuning module, and reducing the textual decoder layer to a linear layer, enabling straightforward action prediction without the need for complex instructions or redundant descriptions. To further harness the commonsense reasoning of LLMs, we predict action categories for observed frames and use sequential textual clues to guide semantic understanding. In addition, we introduce a Cross-Modality Interaction Block, designed to explore the specificity within each modality and capture interactions between vision and textual modalities, thereby enhancing multimodal tuning. Extensive experiments on benchmark datasets demonstrate the superiority of the proposed ActionLLM framework, encouraging a promising direction to explore LLMs in the context of action anticipation. Code is available at https://github.com/2tianyao1/ActionLLM.git.

动作预测大模型多模态视频理解

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