用扩散模型快速生成航天器多约束着陆轨迹,支持少样本适配新任务。
Diffusion Policies for Generative Modeling of Spacecraft Trajectories
- 基于组合扩散模型生成轨迹,可灵活融合多种约束条件。
- 在6自由度下实现少样本快速推理,支持动态可行轨迹生成。
- 适合需要快速响应的资源受限航天任务场景。
机器学习在轨迹生成中展现出巨大潜力,有助于资源受限航天器在线使用轨迹优化。然而,现有基于机器学习的方法需大量数据,且稍有设计需求变动就需重新训练模型。本文利用组合扩散建模,在少样本框架下高效适应6自由度(6 DoF)动力下降轨迹生成中的分布外数据与问题变化。不同于传统深度学习仅能学习单一轨迹优化问题的结构,扩散模型将解表示为概率密度函数(PDF),可通过组合不同PDF来涵盖多种轨迹设计规范与约束。我们展示了该方法在推理阶段实现6 DoF最小燃料着陆点选择的能力,并支持可组合的约束表达。以这些样本作为初始猜测,可实现动态可行且计算高效的6 DoF动力下降制导轨迹生成。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Machine learning has demonstrated remarkable promise for solving the trajectory generation problem and in paving the way for online use of trajectory optimization for resource-constrained spacecraft. However, a key shortcoming in current machine learning-based methods for trajectory generation is that they require large datasets and even small changes to the original trajectory design requirements necessitate retraining new models to learn the parameter-to-solution mapping. In this work, we leverage compositional diffusion modeling to efficiently adapt out-of-distribution data and problem variations in a few-shot framework for 6 degree-of-freedom (DoF) powered descent trajectory generation. Unlike traditional deep learning methods that can only learn the underlying structure of one specific trajectory optimization problem, diffusion models are a powerful generative modeling framework that represents the solution as a probability density function (PDF) and this allows for the composition of PDFs encompassing a variety of trajectory design specifications and constraints. We demonstrate the capability of compositional diffusion models for inference-time 6 DoF minimum-fuel landing site selection and composable constraint representations. Using these samples as initial guesses for 6 DoF powered descent guidance enables dynamically feasible and computationally efficient trajectory generation.
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