arXiv:2501.02267math.OCcs.AI2025-01被引 2

提出基于构造性分析的控制理论框架,显式处理计算精度限制带来的不确定性。

Towards a constructive framework for control theory

  • 基于构造性分析构建控制系统的证明与设计框架,强调所有计算只能在有限精度下进行。
  • 揭示了传统鲁棒控制在数值不精确时可能失效,即使对噪声鲁棒也可能失稳。
  • 适用于需要严格数学保证的高安全性系统设计,如自动驾驶、工业控制等。

本文提出一种基于构造性分析的控制理论框架,旨在解决数学结果与计算机实现之间的差异,即计算不确定性。在控制工程中,这种不确定性通常被忽略或归入系统噪声等其他不确定性,并由鲁棒控制处理。然而,即使鲁棒控制方法也可能因算法中涉及的数学对象无法以精确形式存在而失效,从而破坏稳定性证书甚至导致系统失稳。例如,在使用控制李雅普诺夫函数进行一般稳定化时,计算不确定性可能扭曲稳定性判据。此类问题在实际控制器实现中普遍存在。因此,必须在控制器设计和系统分析中显式考虑计算不确定性。本文的主要贡献是建立一个通用的构造性分析框架,明确所有计算均只能在有限精度下完成,从而显式建模计算不确定性。该框架整合了先前关于构造性系统稳定性、近似最优控制、特征值问题、卡特雷多里轨迹和可测选择的研究。此外,还提出了对抗防御中至关重要的丹斯金定理的构造性版本。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

This work presents a framework for control theory based on constructive analysis to account for discrepancy between mathematical results and their implementation in a computer, also referred to as computational uncertainty. In control engineering, the latter is usually either neglected or considered submerged into some other type of uncertainty, such as system noise, and addressed within robust control. However, even robust control methods may be compromised when the mathematical objects involved in the respective algorithms fail to exist in exact form and subsequently fail to satisfy the required properties. For instance, in general stabilization using a control Lyapunov function, computational uncertainty may distort stability certificates or even destabilize the system despite robustness of the stabilization routine with regards to system, actuator and measurement noise. In fact, battling numerical problems in practical implementation of controllers is common among control engineers. Such observations indicate that computational uncertainty should indeed be addressed explicitly in controller synthesis and system analysis. The major contribution here is a fairly general framework for proof techniques in analysis and synthesis of control systems based on constructive analysis which explicitly states that every computation be doable only up to a finite precision thus accounting for computational uncertainty. A series of previous works is overviewed, including constructive system stability and stabilization, approximate optimal controls, eigenvalue problems, Caratheodory trajectories, measurable selectors. Additionally, a new constructive version of the Danskin's theorem, which is crucial in adversarial defense, is presented.

控制理论构造性分析计算不确定性稳定性分析

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