arXiv:2501.05313cs.DCcs.LG2025-01被引 15

优化服务器无服务环境下MoE模型推理部署,大幅降低费用。

Optimizing Distributed Deployment of Mixture-of-Experts Model Inference in Serverless Computing

  • 用贝叶斯优化预测专家使用频率,动态调度资源。
  • 实现管道式通信,降低75.67%以上计费成本。
  • 适合需低成本部署大MoE模型的云服务开发者。

随着无服务器计算的发展,将机器学习推理服务部署在无服务器平台因其免运维扩展性和成本效益而备受推崇。混合专家(MoE)模型已成为当前大模型架构的主流,具有并行专家网络。在无服务器环境中服务大型MoE模型虽具潜力,但因专家热度不均和散聚通信瓶颈,导致成本效率与性能难以兼顾,相关研究尚不充分。本文针对无服务器平台上的MoE模型部署与分布式推理服务进行优化,有效预测专家选择、协调模型执行与流水线通信,最小化整体计费成本。提出基于多维ε-贪婪搜索的贝叶斯优化框架,包含:1)基于贝叶斯决策的专家流行度预测方法;2)灵活的流水线式散聚通信机制;3)用于分布式MoE服务的最优模型部署算法。在AWS Lambda上的大量实验表明,相比传统CPU集群,本方案使所有MoE层的计费成本至少降低75.67%,同时保持满意的推理吞吐量。相较于现有无服务器方案LambdaML,本方案成本降低43.41%,吞吐量下降不超过18.76%。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

With the advancement of serverless computing, running machine learning (ML) inference services over a serverless platform has been advocated, given its labor-free scalability and cost effectiveness. Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) models have been a dominant type of model architectures to enable large models nowadays, with parallel expert networks. Serving large MoE models on serverless computing is potentially beneficial, but has been underexplored due to substantial challenges in handling the skewed expert popularity and scatter-gather communication bottleneck in MoE model execution, for cost-efficient serverless MoE deployment and performance guarantee. We study optimized MoE model deployment and distributed inference serving on a serverless platform, that effectively predict expert selection, pipeline communication with model execution, and minimize the overall billed cost of serving MoE models. Especially, we propose a Bayesian optimization framework with multi-dimensional epsilon-greedy search to learn expert selections and optimal MoE deployment achieving optimal billed cost, including: 1) a Bayesian decision-making method for predicting expert popularity; 2) flexibly pipelined scatter-gather communication; and 3) an optimal model deployment algorithm for distributed MoE serving. Extensive experiments on AWS Lambda show that our designs reduce the billed cost of all MoE layers by at least 75.67% compared to CPU clusters while maintaining satisfactory inference throughput. As compared to LambdaML in serverless computing, our designs achieves 43.41% lower cost with a throughput decrease of at most 18.76%.

MoE模型无服务器成本优化推理部署

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