人们更愿自动化让人不快的活动,而非耗时长的任务。
Why Automate This? Exploring Correlations Between Desire for Robotic Automation, Invested Time and Well-Being
- 用情绪而非耗时判断自动化偏好,幸福感和痛苦感是核心指标。
- 女性倾向自动化高压力任务,男性则自动化带来不快的任务。
- 中等收入者更想自动化无意义、不愉悦的事务,高低收入者无显著关联。
理解人类自动化任务的动机对设计融入日常生活的机器人至关重要。本研究探讨:人们更倾向于自动化耗时长的任务,还是那些带来负面情绪的任务?基于BEHAVIOR-1K数据集、美国时间使用调查及幸福感模块,我们分析了自动化意愿与时间投入、幸福感、意义感、悲伤、痛苦、压力、疲劳之间的关系。结果显示,尽管普遍认为耗时多的任务更应被自动化,但实际影响最显著的是情绪因素——幸福感与痛苦感是预测自动化的最强指标。性别与收入水平也存在差异:女性更希望自动化高压力任务,男性则偏好自动化令人不快的活动;中等收入群体更倾向于自动化低愉悦度与低意义感的任务,而低收入和高收入群体无显著相关性。研究结果有助于设计更契合用户需求的家用机器人,推动更具社会意义的机器人发展。所有数据与交互工具公开可获取。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Understanding the motivations underlying the human inclination to automate tasks is vital for developing robots that fit seamlessly into daily life. Accordingly, we ask: are individuals more inclined to automate activities based on the time they consume or the feelings experienced while performing them? This study explores these preferences and whether they vary across social groups, specifically gender category and income level. Leveraging data from the BEHAVIOR-1K dataset, the American Time-Use Survey, and the American Time-Use Survey Well-Being Module, we investigate the relationship between the desire for robot automation, time spent, and associated feelings: Happiness, Meaningfulness, Sadness, Painfulness, Stressfulness, or Tiredness. Our key findings show that, despite common assumptions, time spent on activities does not strongly predict automation preferences; instead, happiness and pain are the strongest indicators. We also identify differences by gender and economic level: Women prefer to automate stressful activities, whereas men prefer to automate those that make them unhappy; mid-income individuals prioritize automating less enjoyable and meaningful activities, while low and high-income show no significant correlations. We hope our research helps motivate the design of robots that align with user priorities, moving domestic robotics toward more socially relevant solutions. All data and an interactive tool are publicly available at https://robin-lab.cs.utexas.edu/why-automate-this/.
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