arXiv:2501.06442cs.AI2025-01

提出新方法生成更真实的异常数据,提升模型识别未知样本能力。

ARES: Auxiliary Range Expansion for Outlier Synthesis

  • 通过逃离正常数据区域生成异常样本,而非靠近边界
  • 在多个数据集上显著提升异常检测准确率
  • 适合需要强泛化能力的工业异常检测场景

当前深度学习模型性能高度依赖训练与测试数据分布一致的假设,即闭集学习,但在实际应用中难以满足。为应对这一挑战,开放集检测(OOD detection)成为研究热点。传统方法在训练阶段生成虚拟异常数据,但多基于正常数据分布,导致生成效果有限。本文提出辅助范围扩展法(ARES),通过从正常数据区域向外扩展来生成异常样本,避免仅在边界附近生成。ARES包含多个阶段,最终生成具有代表性的类异常虚拟实例,并利用基于能量得分的判别器有效区分正常与异常数据。大量定量实验表明该方法在多种设置下均取得性能提升,定性分析也揭示了其内在机制的合理性。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Recent successes of artificial intelligence and deep learning often depend on the well-collected training dataset which is assumed to have an identical distribution with the test dataset. However, this assumption, which is called closed-set learning, is hard to meet in realistic scenarios for deploying deep learning models. As one of the solutions to mitigate this assumption, research on out-of-distribution (OOD) detection has been actively explored in various domains. In OOD detection, we assume that we are given the data of a new class that was not seen in the training phase, i.e., outlier, at the evaluation phase. The ultimate goal of OOD detection is to detect and classify such unseen outlier data as a novel "unknown" class. Among various research branches for OOD detection, generating a virtual outlier during the training phase has been proposed. However, conventional generation-based methodologies utilize in-distribution training dataset to imitate outlier instances, which limits the quality of the synthesized virtual outlier instance itself. In this paper, we propose a novel methodology for OOD detection named Auxiliary Range Expansion for Outlier Synthesis, or ARES. ARES models the region for generating out-of-distribution instances by escaping from the given in-distribution region; instead of remaining near the boundary of in-distribution region. Various stages consists ARES to ultimately generate valuable OOD-like virtual instances. The energy score-based discriminator is then trained to effectively separate in-distribution data and outlier data. Quantitative experiments on broad settings show the improvement of performance by our method, and qualitative results provide logical explanations of the mechanism behind it.

异常检测生成模型OOD

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