用检索方法分析19世纪英文小说术语演变，发现语言与概念随年代显著变化。
Unveiling Temporal Trends in 19th Century Literature: An Information Retrieval Approach
- 基于查询扩展技术，按十年划分英国图书馆小说数据集。
- 多指标显示不同时期相关术语差异显著，体现语言与主题剧变。
- 适合对文学史、数字人文感兴趣的读者，尤其关注文本演化研究者。
19世纪英语文学经历了风格、主题和体裁的重大转变，该时期的小说呈现出显著多样性。本文通过信息检索视角，考察19世纪英文小说中词汇使用的变化。利用查询扩展方法分析英国图书馆按十年分段的虚构作品集合，评估扩展后查询词集在不同年代的重叠与演变。采用肯德尔秩相关系数（Kendall's tau）、杰卡德相似度（Jaccard similarity）和詹森-香农散度（Jensen-Shannon divergence）等标准度量，结果显示，各十年间由查询扩展提取的相关术语存在显著差异，表明19世纪小说在语言和概念层面发生了深刻变迁。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
In English literature, the 19th century witnessed a significant transition in styles, themes, and genres. Consequently, the novels from this period display remarkable diversity. This paper explores these variations by examining the evolution of term usage in 19th century English novels through the lens of information retrieval. By applying a query expansion-based approach to a decade-segmented collection of fiction from the British Library, we examine how related terms vary over time. Our analysis employs multiple standard metrics including Kendall's tau, Jaccard similarity, and Jensen-Shannon divergence to assess overlaps and shifts in expanded query term sets. Our results indicate a significant degree of divergence in the related terms across decades as selected by the query expansion technique, suggesting substantial linguistic and conceptual changes throughout the 19th century novels.
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