综述大模型在灾害管理中的应用，梳理阶段与场景分类
Harnessing Large Language Models for Disaster Management: A Survey
- 构建灾害管理阶段与应用的分类体系
- 整理公开数据集并识别关键挑战与机遇
- 为灾害应对研究提供系统性指引
大型语言模型（LLMs）凭借其卓越能力推动了科学研究的变革，并在多个领域产生深远影响。在实际应用中，它们正发挥关键作用，减轻对人类生命、基础设施和环境的威胁。尽管灾害领域关于大模型的研究日益增多，但缺乏系统的综述与深入分析。为此，本文全面回顾了现有大模型在自然灾害管理中的应用，提出一个基于灾害阶段和应用场景的分类体系。通过收集公开数据集，识别关键挑战与机遇，本研究旨在为专业社区开发更先进的灾害管理大模型提供指导，提升应对自然灾害的韧性。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Large language models (LLMs) have revolutionized scientific research with their exceptional capabilities and transformed various fields. Among their practical applications, LLMs have been playing a crucial role in mitigating threats to human life, infrastructure, and the environment. Despite growing research in disaster LLMs, there remains a lack of systematic review and in-depth analysis of LLMs for natural disaster management. To address the gap, this paper presents a comprehensive survey of existing LLMs in natural disaster management, along with a taxonomy that categorizes existing works based on disaster phases and application scenarios. By collecting public datasets and identifying key challenges and opportunities, this study aims to guide the professional community in developing advanced LLMs for disaster management to enhance the resilience against natural disasters.
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