arXiv:2501.07468cs.AI2025-01中稿 · Information Fusion综述被引 41

Embodied AI助力医疗,让智能系统能感知、决策并行动于真实场景。

From Screens to Scenes: A Survey of Embodied AI in Healthcare

  • 构建多模态大模型与世界模型驱动的具身智能框架
  • 覆盖临床干预、日常照护、基础设施支持等四大医疗应用
  • 提出智能等级分层体系,推动跨领域协作与标准化

全球医疗系统面临效率低、可及性差和个性化不足的长期挑战。借助多模态大语言模型与世界模型等现代AI技术,具身人工智能(EmAI)成为变革性前沿,具备与物理世界交互的自主能力,有望解决上述问题。作为跨学科快速演进的研究领域,EmAI在医疗中涵盖算法、机器人学与生物医学等多个方向。本文系统梳理了医疗EmAI的‘大脑’——感知、执行、规划与记忆的基础算法,并聚焦临床干预、日常照护与陪伴、基础设施支持及生物医学研究四大应用场景。尽管前景广阔,其发展仍受限于安全性隐患、仿真与现实差距、缺乏统一基准以及跨领域进展不均等挑战。本文分析技术瓶颈,探讨伦理问题,并提出面向未来的智能等级分层框架,旨在推动创新与落地应用,开启以患者为中心的智能医疗新纪元。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Healthcare systems worldwide face persistent challenges in efficiency, accessibility, and personalization. Powered by modern AI technologies such as multimodal large language models and world models, Embodied AI (EmAI) represents a transformative frontier, offering enhanced autonomy and the ability to interact with the physical world to address these challenges. As an interdisciplinary and rapidly evolving research domain, "EmAI in healthcare" spans diverse fields such as algorithms, robotics, and biomedicine. This complexity underscores the importance of timely reviews and analyses to track advancements, address challenges, and foster cross-disciplinary collaboration. In this paper, we provide a comprehensive overview of the "brain" of EmAI for healthcare, wherein we introduce foundational AI algorithms for perception, actuation, planning, and memory, and focus on presenting the healthcare applications spanning clinical interventions, daily care & companionship, infrastructure support, and biomedical research. Despite its promise, the development of EmAI for healthcare is hindered by critical challenges such as safety concerns, gaps between simulation platforms and real-world applications, the absence of standardized benchmarks, and uneven progress across interdisciplinary domains. We discuss the technical barriers and explore ethical considerations, offering a forward-looking perspective on the future of EmAI in healthcare. A hierarchical framework of intelligent levels for EmAI systems is also introduced to guide further development. By providing systematic insights, this work aims to inspire innovation and practical applications, paving the way for a new era of intelligent, patient-centered healthcare.

具身智能医疗AI多模态模型机器人护理

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