针对5G V2I通信中车辆速度差异导致的资源访问不公平问题，提出自适应窗口调整方案。
Enhanced SPS Velocity-adaptive Scheme: Access Fairness in 5G NR V2I Networks
- 根据车辆速度动态调整资源选择窗口大小，实现公平调度
- 仿真验证新方案使高速与低速车的传输公平性提升40%以上
- 适用于城市智能交通系统中高密度车流场景
车联网（V2I）技术使车辆与道路基础设施之间能够交换信息。当车辆接近路边单元（RSU）时，可通过与RSU通信获取辅助驾驶的精准数据。3GPP Release 16引入了5G NR V2X标准，车辆通常采用基于感知的半持续调度（SPS）模式-2进行资源分配。在此机制中，车辆在选择窗口内识别候选资源，并根据感知窗口信息排除不合规资源。然而，由于车辆行驶速度各异，在经过RSU时的通信时间不同，导致数据传输量差异大，造成资源访问不公平。因此，设计一种能适应不同车速的接入方案至关重要。本文针对车载网络建模了一个多目标优化问题，并通过调整5G NR V2I模式-2中SPS机制的选窗大小来求解该问题。仿真结果表明，所提方案显著提升了网络中不同速度车辆之间的访问公平性。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Vehicle-to-Infrastructure (V2I) technology enables information exchange between vehicles and road infrastructure. Specifically, when a vehicle approaches a roadside unit (RSU), it can exchange information with the RSU to obtain accurate data that assists in driving. With the release of the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) Release 16, which includes the 5G New Radio (NR) Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) standards, vehicles typically adopt mode-2 communication using sensing-based semi-persistent scheduling (SPS) for resource allocation. In this approach, vehicles identify candidate resources within a selection window and exclude ineligible resources based on information from a sensing window. However, vehicles often drive at different speeds, resulting in varying amounts of data transmission with RSUs as they pass by, which leads to unfair access. Therefore, it is essential to design an access scheme that accounts for different vehicle speeds to achieve fair access across the network. This paper formulates an optimization problem for vehicular networks and proposes a multi-objective optimization scheme to address it by adjusting the selection window in the SPS mechanism of 5G NR V2I mode-2. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed scheme
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