用计算模型解释静态图案为何让人感觉在扩张运动。
A Bioplausible Model for the Expanding Hole Illusion: Insights into Retinal Processing and Illusory Motion
- 基于高斯差分和感受野模拟视网膜早期处理过程。
- 发现对比度梯度与多层空间处理是产生扩张错觉的关键。
- 适合研究视觉错觉、神经机制或感知计算的学者参考。
扩展洞幻觉是一种引人注目的视觉现象，静态同心图案会引发强烈的持续前向运动感知。尽管形式简单，该幻觉挑战了我们对大脑如何从静态线索中处理运动信息的理解。尽管其神经基础尚不明确，但近期心理物理学研究[1]发现该幻觉不仅引发知觉效应，还伴随生理反应，如瞳孔扩大。本文提出一种基于高斯差分（DoG）滤波和经典感受野（CRF）实现的计算模型，用于模拟早期视网膜处理过程，并解释该幻觉的潜在机制。结果显示，对比度依赖的侧抑制在早期视觉处理中可能诱发此幻觉。我们的研究证明，对比度梯度与多层级空间处理共同促成扩张感知，与心理物理学结果高度一致，支持视网膜神经节细胞在生成此类错觉运动信号中的作用。研究为理解动态错觉背后的感知偏差提供了新视角，并构建了研究复杂视觉现象的新框架。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
The Expanding Hole Illusion is a compelling visual phenomenon in which a static, concentric pattern evokes a strong perception of continuous forward motion. Despite its simplicity, this illusion challenges our understanding of how the brain processes visual information, particularly motion derived from static cues. While the neural basis of this illusion has remained elusive, recent psychophysical studies [1] reveal that this illusion induces not only a perceptual effect but also physiological responses, such as pupil dilation. This paper presents a computational model based on Difference of Gaussians (DoG) filtering and a classical receptive field (CRF) implementation to simulate early retinal processing and to explain the underlying mechanisms of this illusion. Based on our results we hypothesize that the illusion arises from contrast-dependent lateral inhibition in early visual processing. Our results demonstrate that contrast gradients and multi-layered spatial processing contribute to the perception of expansion, aligning closely with psychophysical findings and supporting the role of retinal ganglion cells in generating this illusory motion signal. Our findings provide insights into the perceptual biases driving dynamic illusions and offer a new framework for studying complex visual phenomena.
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