让机器人计划兼顾任务目标与平台约束,确保各种意外情况下的安全执行。
Platform-Aware Mission Planning
- 采用分层建模+抽象精化框架,处理高阶任务与低阶平台的不确定性冲突。
- 在多种非确定性环境下,新方法能生成满足全路径安全要求的可靠计划。
- 适合需要高鲁棒性的自主系统研发者,如无人机、智能机器人调度场景。
自主系统规划通常需在不同抽象层级的模型间进行推理,协调两类竞争性目标:高阶任务目标关注系统与外部环境的交互,低阶平台约束则保障子系统的完整性与正确交互。两者间的复杂耦合使得整体系统推理极为困难,尤其当目标是获得具有鲁棒性保证的计划时,还需考虑底层系统行为的非确定性。本文提出平台感知任务规划(PAMP)问题,设定于时序持续动作场景中。与标准时序规划不同,PAMP 具有存在-对所有(exists-forall)特性:高阶任务计划必须在平台和环境的所有可能非确定性执行下,仍满足安全性和可执行性约束。本文提出两种求解方法:第一种基线方法将任务与平台层级融合;第二种基于抽象-精化循环,结合规划器与验证引擎。我们证明了两种方法的正确性与完备性,并通过实验验证其有效性,凸显异构建模的重要性及抽象-精化技术的优越性。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Planning for autonomous systems typically requires reasoning with models at different levels of abstraction, and the harmonization of two competing sets of objectives: high-level mission goals that refer to an interaction of the system with the external environment, and low-level platform constraints that aim to preserve the integrity and the correct interaction of the subsystems. The complicated interplay between these two models makes it very hard to reason on the system as a whole, especially when the objective is to find plans with robustness guarantees, considering the non-deterministic behavior of the lower layers of the system. In this paper, we introduce the problem of Platform-Aware Mission Planning (PAMP), addressing it in the setting of temporal durative actions. The PAMP problem differs from standard temporal planning for its exists-forall nature: the high-level plan dealing with mission goals is required to satisfy safety and executability constraints, for all the possible non-deterministic executions of the low-level model of the platform and the environment. We propose two approaches for solving PAMP. The first baseline approach amalgamates the mission and platform levels, while the second is based on an abstraction-refinement loop that leverages the combination of a planner and a verification engine. We prove the soundness and completeness of the proposed approaches and validate them experimentally, demonstrating the importance of heterogeneous modeling and the superiority of the technique based on abstraction-refinement.
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