为欧盟AI法案的公民权利评估设计可机器读取的语义框架
Developing an Ontology for AI Act Fundamental Rights Impact Assessments
- 基于语义网标准构建FRIA评估的本体模型
- 支持自动化工具生成与合规流程管理
- 适配欧盟AI法案，助力企业履行法律义务
欧盟最新发布的《人工智能法案》（AI Act）是首个对AI技术使用进行监管的里程碑式法规。其创新要求之一是部署者必须开展基本权利影响评估（FRIA），以评估其AI系统在健康、安全及基本权利方面的风险。另一项创新是要求创建问卷和自动化工具，以支持组织履行FRIA义务。此类自动化工具需依赖机器可读的FRIA信息形式，同时需要可机器读取的文档以支持后续合规工具开发。本文提出一种基于语义网标准的FRIA新型表示方法——本体模型。该工作建立在现有技术基础上，尤其是数据隐私词汇表（DPV），后者曾用于支持GDPR的数据保护影响评估（DPIA）等义务。通过本体模型，我们实现了FRIA的创建与管理，并支持自动化工具在各个步骤中的应用。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
The recently published EU Artificial Intelligence Act (AI Act) is a landmark regulation that regulates the use of AI technologies. One of its novel requirements is the obligation to conduct a Fundamental Rights Impact Assessment (FRIA), where organisations in the role of deployers must assess the risks of their AI system regarding health, safety, and fundamental rights. Another novelty in the AI Act is the requirement to create a questionnaire and an automated tool to support organisations in their FRIA obligations. Such automated tools will require a machine-readable form of information involved within the FRIA process, and additionally also require machine-readable documentation to enable further compliance tools to be created. In this article, we present our novel representation of the FRIA as an ontology based on semantic web standards. Our work builds upon the existing state of the art, notably the Data Privacy Vocabulary (DPV), where similar works have been established to create tools for GDPR's Data Protection Impact Assessments (DPIA) and other obligations. Through our ontology, we enable the creation and management of FRIA, and the use of automated tool in its various steps.
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