AI赋能网络安全，需全球协同监管与伦理规范
Securing the AI Frontier: Urgent Ethical and Regulatory Imperatives for AI-Driven Cybersecurity
- 从历史脉络梳理AI治理演进，聚焦欧盟《人工智能法案》等新规
- 揭示算法偏见、透明度不足等伦理风险对安全系统的影响
- 呼吁跨领域协作，推动公众参与和负责任的AI应用
本文深入探讨人工智能（AI）融入网络安全所引发的伦理与监管挑战。通过回顾自1940年代以来的AI治理发展脉络，重点分析了欧盟《人工智能法案》等近期全球性框架的实施进展。当前监管体系强调基于风险的分类管理及行业针对性政策，但在推动创新与控制风险间存在张力。论文深入讨论了偏见、透明性、问责制、隐私保护与人类监督等核心伦理问题，及其对AI驱动的网络安全系统的潜在影响。同时提出提升公众AI素养与社会参与度的战略路径，以塑造更健全的监管生态。研究强调亟需建立统一且全球协调的监管机制，以应对AI在网络安全中的独特风险。最后，识别未来研究方向，并倡导政策制定者、产业界与学术界的深度合作，确保AI技术在网络安全领域的负责任部署。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
This paper critically examines the evolving ethical and regulatory challenges posed by the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) in cybersecurity. We trace the historical development of AI regulation, highlighting major milestones from theoretical discussions in the 1940s to the implementation of recent global frameworks such as the European Union AI Act. The current regulatory landscape is analyzed, emphasizing risk-based approaches, sector-specific regulations, and the tension between fostering innovation and mitigating risks. Ethical concerns such as bias, transparency, accountability, privacy, and human oversight are explored in depth, along with their implications for AI-driven cybersecurity systems. Furthermore, we propose strategies for promoting AI literacy and public engagement, essential for shaping a future regulatory framework. Our findings underscore the need for a unified, globally harmonized regulatory approach that addresses the unique risks of AI in cybersecurity. We conclude by identifying future research opportunities and recommending pathways for collaboration between policymakers, industry leaders, and researchers to ensure the responsible deployment of AI technologies in cybersecurity.
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