用生成对抗网络分离恒星光谱中的物理化学参数,提升解析精度。
Disentangling stellar atmospheric parameters in astronomical spectra using Generative Adversarial Neural Networks
- 通过对抗性自编码器构建隐空间,分离温度、重力等关键参数
- 在Gaia RVS数据上实现误差范围内精准反演,维度降低显著
- 开源工具GANDALF支持可视化调试,适合天体物理研究者使用
本文提出一种基于生成对抗网络(GAN)的方法,用于分离恒星光谱中的物理参数(有效温度、表面重力)与化学参数(金属丰度、α元素相对于铁的过量)。通过构建低维隐空间,使特定参数贡献最小化而其他参数特征增强,再利用人工神经网络作为回归器提取参数。该方法采用包含编码器与解码器的自编码器结构,并引入判别器实现对抗训练,从而实现参数解耦。文中介绍了GANDALF工具,其基于Web框架,支持模型定义、训练与测试,可直观展示解耦过程。实验基于盖亚径向速度光谱仪(RVS)DR3数据集,结果表明:所有参数反演值均在文献误差范围内,且数据维度大幅降低,处理效率显著提升。该工具已开源至GitHub,供社区使用。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
A method based on Generative Adversaria! Networks (GANs) is developed for disentangling the physical (effective temperature and gravity) and chemical (metallicity, overabundance of a-elements with respect to iron) atmospheric properties in astronomical spectra. Using a projection of the stellar spectra, commonly called latent space, in which the contribution dueto one or several main stellar physicochemical properties is minimised while others are enhanced, it was possible to maximise the information related to certain properties, which can then be extracted using artificial neural networks (ANN) as regressors with higher accuracy than a reference method based on the use of ANN trained with the original spectra. Methods. Our model utilises autoencoders, comprising two artificial neural networks: an encoder anda decoder which transform input data into a low-dimensional representation known as latent space. It also uses discriminators, which are additional neural networks aimed at transforming the traditional autoencoder training into an adversaria! approach, to disentangle or reinforce the astrophysical parameters from the latent space. The GANDALF tool is described. It was developed to define, train, and test our GAN model with a web framework to show how the disentangling algorithm works visually. It is open to the community in Github. Results. The performance of our approach for retrieving atmospheric stellar properties from spectra is demonstrated using Gaia Radial Velocity Spectrograph (RVS) data from DR3. We use a data-driven perspective and obtain very competitive values, ali within the literature errors, and with the advantage of an important dimensionality reduction of the data to be processed.
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