针对信贷评分中的数据不平衡问题,提出自适应调整的激活函数提升少数类识别能力。
Implementation of an Asymmetric Adjusted Activation Function for Class Imbalance Credit Scoring
- 设计基于不平衡比率的非对称Sigmoid激活函数,自动调节分类边界
- 在多种不平衡比下均优于传统分类器,极端不平衡时仍稳定有效
- 适合金融领域高不平衡数据的信用评分任务
信贷评分是评估借款人违约概率(PD)的系统性方法。相关数据通常存在严重不平衡,导致二分类任务困难,且分类器学习过程中常低估误分类代价。针对此类数据集的高不平衡比率(IR),本文提出一种创新且简洁的优化激活函数——嵌入式非对称调整Sigmoid(ASIG)。该函数通过引入与IR相关的非对称调整因子,使Sigmoid函数的敏感区域可随数据分布的不平衡程度自动调节,从而赋予激活函数非对称特性,避免少数类(正样本)在学习过程中被忽视。实验表明,嵌入ASIG的分类器在多种不平衡比率的数据集上均优于传统分类器,在下游信贷评分任务中表现更优。该算法在超高不平衡比下仍保持鲁棒性和稳定性,为金融行业尤其是信贷评分场景提供了一种高效处理高度不平衡数据的竞争性方案。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Credit scoring is a systematic approach to evaluate a borrower's probability of default (PD) on a bank loan. The data associated with such scenarios are characteristically imbalanced, complicating binary classification owing to the often-underestimated cost of misclassification during the classifier's learning process. Considering the high imbalance ratio (IR) of these datasets, we introduce an innovative yet straightforward optimized activation function by incorporating an IR-dependent asymmetric adjusted factor embedded Sigmoid activation function (ASIG). The embedding of ASIG makes the sensitive margin of the Sigmoid function auto-adjustable, depending on the imbalance nature of the datasets distributed, thereby giving the activation function an asymmetric characteristic that prevents the underrepresentation of the minority class (positive samples) during the classifier's learning process. The experimental results show that the ASIG-embedded-classifier outperforms traditional classifiers on datasets across wide-ranging IRs in the downstream credit-scoring task. The algorithm also shows robustness and stability, even when the IR is ultra-high. Therefore, the algorithm provides a competitive alternative in the financial industry, especially in credit scoring, possessing the ability to effectively process highly imbalanced distribution data.
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