用生成模型预测未知区域,通过熵值优先探索高不确定性区域。
Map Prediction and Generative Entropy for Multi-Agent Exploration
- 用微调的扩散模型填补多智能体地图中的未知空间。
- 新方法在仿真城市环境中比传统信息最大化方法更快预测正确场景。
- 适合需要高效探索未知环境的机器人团队应用。
传统自主侦察依赖历史观测数据。借助生成技术突破,本文使机器人团队能超越已有认知,推断场景的合理解释分布。我们开发了地图预测器,在多智能体二维占据地图中对未知区域进行补全。对比多种补全方法后发现,微调的潜在扩散补全模型可在少量计算时间内,为模拟城市环境提供丰富且连贯的解释。通过在探索过程中迭代推断场景解释,我们利用生成熵量化预测不确定性,并优先选择高熵区域执行任务。假设此策略可加速准确地图的收敛。我们在三辆车辆的模拟城市环境中,将该方法与基于预期信息恢复最大化的前沿方法进行对比。结果表明,使用新任务排序方法能显著快于传统方法完成正确场景预测。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Traditionally, autonomous reconnaissance applications have acted on explicit sets of historical observations. Aided by recent breakthroughs in generative technologies, this work enables robot teams to act beyond what is currently known about the environment by inferring a distribution of reasonable interpretations of the scene. We developed a map predictor that inpaints the unknown space in a multi-agent 2D occupancy map during an exploration mission. From a comparison of several inpainting methods, we found that a fine-tuned latent diffusion inpainting model could provide rich and coherent interpretations of simulated urban environments with relatively little computation time. By iteratively inferring interpretations of the scene throughout an exploration run, we are able to identify areas that exhibit high uncertainty in the prediction, which we formalize with the concept of generative entropy. We prioritize tasks in regions of high generative entropy, hypothesizing that this will expedite convergence on an accurate predicted map of the scene. In our study we juxtapose this new paradigm of task ranking with the state of the art, which ranks regions to explore by those which maximize expected information recovery. We compare both of these methods in a simulated urban environment with three vehicles. Our results demonstrate that by using our new task ranking method, we can predict a correct scene significantly faster than with a traditional information-guided method.
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