无需训练即可生成具备目标属性的分子,支持连续与离散数据混合场景。
TFG-Flow: Training-free Guidance in Multimodal Generative Flow
- 基于流匹配框架设计无训练引导方法,兼顾连续与离散变量
- 在4个分子设计任务中实现属性可控生成,保持采样无偏性
- 适合药物设计等需联合处理分子结构与属性的科学计算场景
给定一个无条件生成模型和目标属性预测器(如分类器),无训练引导的目标是不经过额外训练即可生成具有期望属性的样本。作为一种高效控制生成结果的手段,无训练引导在扩散模型中受到广泛关注。然而,现有方法仅适用于连续空间数据,而许多科学应用涉及连续与离散数据的混合(即多模态)。同时,流匹配框架因其简洁性和通用性正被广泛用于构建生成基础模型,但其引导生成仍缺乏探索。为此,我们提出 TFG-Flow,一种面向多模态生成流的新型无训练引导方法。TFG-Flow 在缓解维度灾难的同时,保持了对离散变量引导时的无偏采样特性。我们在四个分子设计任务上验证了 TFG-Flow,结果表明其在药物设计中生成具有理想性质分子方面具有巨大潜力。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Given an unconditional generative model and a predictor for a target property (e.g., a classifier), the goal of training-free guidance is to generate samples with desirable target properties without additional training. As a highly efficient technique for steering generative models toward flexible outcomes, training-free guidance has gained increasing attention in diffusion models. However, existing methods only handle data in continuous spaces, while many scientific applications involve both continuous and discrete data (referred to as multimodality). Another emerging trend is the growing use of the simple and general flow matching framework in building generative foundation models, where guided generation remains under-explored. To address this, we introduce TFG-Flow, a novel training-free guidance method for multimodal generative flow. TFG-Flow addresses the curse-of-dimensionality while maintaining the property of unbiased sampling in guiding discrete variables. We validate TFG-Flow on four molecular design tasks and show that TFG-Flow has great potential in drug design by generating molecules with desired properties.
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