3厘米大小的微型机器人用单压电驱动实现频率控制转向,可自主追踪目标。
FAVbot: An Autonomous Target Tracking Micro-Robot with Frequency Actuation Control
- 用机械共振原理与单压电执行器实现频率控制转向
- 在动态环境中完成闭环目标追踪,支持多模式运动
- 集成视觉与神经网络处理,是迄今最小的单驱动多向自主微机器人
厘米级机器人自主运行需在极小空间内集成紧凑的驱动、传感与神经网络处理模块。近年来,此类系统在医疗、制造和灾后救援等领域取得显著进展。然而,该尺度下的系统对功耗、重量和电子组件体积有严苛要求。本文提出FAVbot,首个集成新型驱动机制与基于卷积神经网络(CNN)的计算机视觉的自主移动微机器人,整体尺寸仅3厘米。其创新驱动机制利用机械共振现象,通过单一压电执行器实现频率控制转向,实验验证了多种共振模式下不同的运动特性。系统配备摄像头与微控制器构成视觉前端,支持目标检测并实现闭环控制,可在动态环境中实现自适应导航。本工作推动了神经网络赋能的微机器人发展,展示了使用可控多方向单驱动机制构建的最小自主机器人。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Robotic autonomy at centimeter scale requires compact and miniaturization-friendly actuation integrated with sensing and neural network processing assembly within a tiny form factor. Applications of such systems have witnessed significant advancements in recent years in fields such as healthcare, manufacturing, and post-disaster rescue. The system design at this scale puts stringent constraints on power consumption for both the sensory front-end and actuation back-end and the weight of the electronic assembly for robust operation. In this paper, we introduce FAVbot, the first autonomous mobile micro-robotic system integrated with a novel actuation mechanism and convolutional neural network (CNN) based computer vision - all integrated within a compact 3-cm form factor. The novel actuation mechanism utilizes mechanical resonance phenomenon to achieve frequency-controlled steering with a single piezoelectric actuator. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of FAVbot's frequency-controlled actuation, which offers a diverse selection of resonance modes with different motion characteristics. The actuation system is complemented with the vision front-end where a camera along with a microcontroller supports object detection for closed-loop control and autonomous target tracking. This enables adaptive navigation in dynamic environments. This work contributes to the evolving landscape of neural network-enabled micro-robotic systems showing the smallest autonomous robot built using controllable multi-directional single-actuator mechanism.
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