用自然语言情感分析动态调整施工机器人导航路径,提升安全性和适应性。
Bayesian BIM-Guided Construction Robot Navigation with NLP Safety Prompts in Dynamic Environments
- 基于语义分析动态调整路径规划,结合BIM与自然语言提示。
- 安全优先时路径距障碍物最小距离提升50%,路径长度仍合理。
- 适合需人机协作、强调安全的智能建造场景。
施工机器人日益依赖自然语言处理执行任务,但在复杂动态环境中如何安全高效地执行仍缺乏研究。本文提出一种概率框架,通过分析自然语言命令的情感倾向,动态调整机器人在施工环境中的导航策略。该框架融合建筑信息模型(BIM)数据与自然语言提示,利用贝叶斯推理整合静态BIM数据、语言语义内容及隐含安全约束,实现对环境风险与不确定性的响应。提出一种对象感知的路径规划方法,结合指数势场与网格化环境表示,势场随用户指令语义动态调整。实验对比三种场景:基线最短路径规划、安全导向导航与风险感知路由。结果表明,当安全被优先考虑时,最小避障距离提升50%,同时保持合理路径长度;不同语义提示如“dangerous”与“safe”可有效引导路径变化。该方法为融入人类知识与安全考量提供了灵活基础。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Construction robotics increasingly relies on natural language processing for task execution, creating a need for robust methods to interpret commands in complex, dynamic environments. While existing research primarily focuses on what tasks robots should perform, less attention has been paid to how these tasks should be executed safely and efficiently. This paper presents a novel probabilistic framework that uses sentiment analysis from natural language commands to dynamically adjust robot navigation policies in construction environments. The framework leverages Building Information Modeling (BIM) data and natural language prompts to create adaptive navigation strategies that account for varying levels of environmental risk and uncertainty. We introduce an object-aware path planning approach that combines exponential potential fields with a grid-based representation of the environment, where the potential fields are dynamically adjusted based on the semantic analysis of user prompts. The framework employs Bayesian inference to consolidate multiple information sources: the static data from BIM, the semantic content of natural language commands, and the implied safety constraints from user prompts. We demonstrate our approach through experiments comparing three scenarios: baseline shortest-path planning, safety-oriented navigation, and risk-aware routing. Results show that our method successfully adapts path planning based on natural language sentiment, achieving a 50\% improvement in minimum distance to obstacles when safety is prioritized, while maintaining reasonable path lengths. Scenarios with contrasting prompts, such as "dangerous" and "safe", demonstrate the framework's ability to modify paths. This approach provides a flexible foundation for integrating human knowledge and safety considerations into construction robot navigation.
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