arXiv:2501.18630cs.CVcs.GR2025-01International Conf…被引 49

用可变形的贝塔核替代高斯核,提升3D渲染精度与效率。

Deformable Beta Splatting

  • 用可变形贝塔核替代高斯核,实现更精细几何与颜色建模。
  • 参数量仅为3DGS-MCMC的45%,渲染速度提升1.5倍,视觉质量更优。
  • 理论证明仅调透明度即可保持采样分布,适用于任意核函数。

3D高斯点阵(3DGS)通过实时渲染推动了辐射场重建的发展,但其依赖高斯核表示几何、低阶球谐函数(SH)编码颜色,难以捕捉复杂几何与多样色彩。本文提出可变形贝塔点阵(DBS),采用具有有限支持域和自适应频率控制的可变形贝塔核,以更高保真度捕获细粒度几何细节,同时提升内存效率。此外,将贝塔核扩展至颜色编码,有效分离漫反射与镜面反射成分,显著优于基于SH的方法。不同于以往依赖高斯特性的密集化方法,本文数学证明仅调节正则化透明度即可保证分布保持的马尔可夫链蒙特卡洛(MCMC)采样,不依赖点阵核类型。实验表明,DBS在保持顶尖视觉质量的同时,仅需3DGS-MCMC 45%的参数量,且渲染速度提升1.5倍,适用于实时辐射场渲染。交互演示与源码见项目主页:https://rongliu-leo.github.io/beta-splatting/。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

3D Gaussian Splatting (3DGS) has advanced radiance field reconstruction by enabling real-time rendering. However, its reliance on Gaussian kernels for geometry and low-order Spherical Harmonics (SH) for color encoding limits its ability to capture complex geometries and diverse colors. We introduce Deformable Beta Splatting (DBS), a deformable and compact approach that enhances both geometry and color representation. DBS replaces Gaussian kernels with deformable Beta Kernels, which offer bounded support and adaptive frequency control to capture fine geometric details with higher fidelity while achieving better memory efficiency. In addition, we extended the Beta Kernel to color encoding, which facilitates improved representation of diffuse and specular components, yielding superior results compared to SH-based methods. Furthermore, Unlike prior densification techniques that depend on Gaussian properties, we mathematically prove that adjusting regularized opacity alone ensures distribution-preserved Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC), independent of the splatting kernel type. Experimental results demonstrate that DBS achieves state-of-the-art visual quality while utilizing only 45% of the parameters and rendering 1.5x faster than 3DGS-MCMC, highlighting the superior performance of DBS for real-time radiance field rendering. Interactive demonstrations and source code are available on our project website: https://rongliu-leo.github.io/beta-splatting/.

3D重建点阵渲染可变形核实时渲染

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