用相关市场数据提升新品定价,解决数据少时的收益优化难题。
Transfer Learning for Nonparametric Contextual Dynamic Pricing
- 通过迁移学习融合源领域数据,改进目标领域的动态定价决策。
- 理论证明算法在有限数据下可实现近最优收益,且优于仅用目标数据的方法。
- 适合新业务上线或进入新市场的公司使用,尤其数据稀缺时效果显著。
动态定价对企业在不同市场条件下最大化收益至关重要,但新产品或新市场常面临历史数据不足的问题。本文研究在协变量偏移模型下,利用相关产品或市场的预收集数据来改进目标领域的非参数上下文动态定价。提出一种新的迁移学习定价算法(TLDP),其奖励函数保持不变,而协变量边际分布存在差异。在奖励函数满足简单Lipschitz条件的前提下,建立了TLDP的上界后悔值。进一步推导出匹配的极小极大下界,首次将仅使用目标数据的情形作为特例纳入分析。大量数值实验验证了该方法的有效性,表明其在实际应用中优于现有方法。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Dynamic pricing strategies are crucial for firms to maximize revenue by adjusting prices based on market conditions and customer characteristics. However, designing optimal pricing strategies becomes challenging when historical data are limited, as is often the case when launching new products or entering new markets. One promising approach to overcome this limitation is to leverage information from related products or markets to inform the focal pricing decisions. In this paper, we explore transfer learning for nonparametric contextual dynamic pricing under a covariate shift model, where the marginal distributions of covariates differ between source and target domains while the reward functions remain the same. We propose a novel Transfer Learning for Dynamic Pricing (TLDP) algorithm that can effectively leverage pre-collected data from a source domain to enhance pricing decisions in the target domain. The regret upper bound of TLDP is established under a simple Lipschitz condition on the reward function. To establish the optimality of TLDP, we further derive a matching minimax lower bound, which includes the target-only scenario as a special case and is presented for the first time in the literature. Extensive numerical experiments validate our approach, demonstrating its superiority over existing methods and highlighting its practical utility in real-world applications.
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