用生成模型加安全过滤,快速生成多样且可行的机器人集群行为。
Swarm-Gen: Fast Generation of Diverse Feasible Swarm Behaviors
- 用条件变分自编码器或向量量化变分自编码器生成多样轨迹。
- 在数十毫秒内生成大量多模态可行轨迹,满足避障与目标达成。
- 自监督训练初始化网络,加速安全过滤求解,适合实时集群控制场景。
机器人集群的协同行为本质上具有多模态特性,即存在多种方式使集群避免碰撞并到达目标。然而,如何以可扩展的方式生成多样且可行的集群行为仍缺乏有效方法。本文提出将生成模型与安全过滤器(SF)结合:先从学习的生成模型中采样多样轨迹,再通过安全过滤器投影至可行集。实验采用两种生成模型:条件变分自编码器(CVAE)和向量量化变分自编码器(VQ-VAE),对比其在计算时间与轨迹多样性上的权衡。我们设计了定制化安全过滤求解器,并引入神经网络预测上下文相关的初始值,该网络通过自监督方式训练,利用了安全过滤求解器的可微性。实证结果表明:一、可在几十毫秒内生成大规模多模态、可行的轨迹,模拟多样化集群行为;二、所提初始化网络显著加快安全过滤求解器收敛速度,优于其他启发式方法。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Coordination behavior in robot swarms is inherently multi-modal in nature. That is, there are numerous ways in which a swarm of robots can avoid inter-agent collisions and reach their respective goals. However, the problem of generating diverse and feasible swarm behaviors in a scalable manner remains largely unaddressed. In this paper, we fill this gap by combining generative models with a safety-filter (SF). Specifically, we sample diverse trajectories from a learned generative model which is subsequently projected onto the feasible set using the SF. We experiment with two choices for generative models, namely: Conditional Variational Autoencoder (CVAE) and Vector-Quantized Variational Autoencoder (VQ-VAE). We highlight the trade-offs these two models provide in terms of computation time and trajectory diversity. We develop a custom solver for our SF and equip it with a neural network that predicts context-specific initialization. Thecinitialization network is trained in a self-supervised manner, taking advantage of the differentiability of the SF solver. We provide two sets of empirical results. First, we demonstrate that we can generate a large set of multi-modal, feasible trajectories, simulating diverse swarm behaviors, within a few tens of milliseconds. Second, we show that our initialization network provides faster convergence of our SF solver vis-a-vis other alternative heuristics.
Thank you to arXiv for use of its open access interoperability. PaperDance 不是 arXiv 官方产品;中文卡片由大模型生成,请以原文为准。