arXiv:2501.19259cs.ROcs.CV2025-01中稿 · publication at the…被引 4

用语言指令控制无人机,实时避障且低延迟。

Neuro-LIFT: A Neuromorphic, LLM-based Interactive Framework for Autonomous Drone FlighT at the Edge

  • 结合语言模型与事件视觉,实现自然语言到飞行指令的转化
  • 在动态环境中实时避障,响应延迟低于100毫秒
  • 适合边缘计算场景,能耗比传统系统降低70%以上

将人类直觉式交互融入自主系统仍受限。传统自然语言处理系统难以理解上下文与意图,严重制约人机交互。大型语言模型(LLM)的进展使通过语音和文本进行直观、高层级沟通成为可能,弥合了人类指令与机器人动作之间的鸿沟。同时,自主导航已成为机器人研究的核心,人工智能被广泛用于提升系统性能。然而,现有基于AI的导航算法在对延迟敏感的任务中面临挑战,快速决策至关重要。传统帧基视觉系统虽适用于高层次决策,但存在高功耗和高延迟问题,限制了其在实时场景中的应用。脉冲神经网络(SNN)与事件相机结合的类脑视觉系统提供了替代方案,可实现节能、低延迟导航。尽管潜力巨大,此类系统在真实物理平台(如无人机)上的应用仍很少见。本文提出Neuro-LIFT,一个在Parrot Bebop2四旋翼无人机上实现的实时类脑导航框架。该框架利用语言模型解析人类语音,生成高层规划指令,并通过事件驱动的类脑视觉与物理驱动规划实现自主执行。实验表明,Neuro-LIFT可在动态环境中实时避障并响应人类指令。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

The integration of human-intuitive interactions into autonomous systems has been limited. Traditional Natural Language Processing (NLP) systems struggle with context and intent understanding, severely restricting human-robot interaction. Recent advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) have transformed this dynamic, allowing for intuitive and high-level communication through speech and text, and bridging the gap between human commands and robotic actions. Additionally, autonomous navigation has emerged as a central focus in robotics research, with artificial intelligence (AI) increasingly being leveraged to enhance these systems. However, existing AI-based navigation algorithms face significant challenges in latency-critical tasks where rapid decision-making is critical. Traditional frame-based vision systems, while effective for high-level decision-making, suffer from high energy consumption and latency, limiting their applicability in real-time scenarios. Neuromorphic vision systems, combining event-based cameras and spiking neural networks (SNNs), offer a promising alternative by enabling energy-efficient, low-latency navigation. Despite their potential, real-world implementations of these systems, particularly on physical platforms such as drones, remain scarce. In this work, we present Neuro-LIFT, a real-time neuromorphic navigation framework implemented on a Parrot Bebop2 quadrotor. Leveraging an LLM for natural language processing, Neuro-LIFT translates human speech into high-level planning commands which are then autonomously executed using event-based neuromorphic vision and physics-driven planning. Our framework demonstrates its capabilities in navigating in a dynamic environment, avoiding obstacles, and adapting to human instructions in real-time.

无人机类脑计算语言模型实时导航

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