德国研究发现近三成民众用聊天机器人倾诉心理问题，人机协同更受认可。
A Study about Distribution and Acceptance of Conversational Agents for Mental Health in Germany: Keep the Human in the Loop?
- 通过两轮在线调查，分析公众与医护对心理聊天机器人的使用与接受度。
- 27%受访者已向聊天机器人倾诉心理困扰，有远程诊疗经验者更支持使用。
- 公众倾向由医生控制的陪伴型机器人，而非替代医生的智能专家。
良好的心理健康有助于个体应对生活中的正常压力。在德国，约四分之一的成年人患有精神疾病。远程心理治疗和数字健康应用可弥补医疗资源缺口，减轻医护人员负担。这些工具的有效性高度依赖用户接受度，尤其需评估基于AI的对话式代理（如ChatGPT、Siri）在心理治疗中的风险与整合潜力。本研究通过两项定量在线调查，分别采集444名普通民众与351名医疗专业人员的数据，探讨以下问题：1. 对话式代理在心理健康领域的使用频率？2. 接受度如何？3. 在咨询、诊断与治疗中使用是否可接受？统计分析显示，27%的被调查者已向对话式代理倾诉心理困扰。不仅技术使用经验，远程诊疗经验也显著提升两群体对心理类对话式代理的接受度。普通民众更支持由医疗专业人员控制的陪伴型代理，而非作为专业人士的额外智能助手。对话式代理在心理支持，尤其是咨询环节具有潜力。未来研究应考察不同沟通媒介的影响及增强智能的其他可能性。在技术与人文关怀间取得平衡，可实现其在医患互动中的有效整合。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Good mental health enables individuals to cope with the normal stresses of life. In Germany, approximately one-quarter of the adult population is affected by mental illnesses. Teletherapy and digital health applications are available to bridge gaps in care and relieve healthcare professionals. The acceptance of these tools is a strongly influencing factor for their effectiveness, which also needs to be evaluated for AI-based conversational agents (CAs) (e. g. ChatGPT, Siri) to assess the risks and potential for integration into therapeutic practice. This study investigates the perspectives of both the general population and healthcare professionals with the following questions: 1. How frequently are CAs used for mental health? 2. How high is the acceptance of CAs in the field of mental health? 3. To what extent is the use of CAs in counselling, diagnosis, and treatment acceptable? To address these questions, two quantitative online surveys were conducted with 444 participants from the general population and 351 healthcare professionals. Statistical analyses show that 27 % of the surveyed population already confide their concerns to CAs. Not only experience with this technology but also experience with telemedicine shows a higher acceptance among both groups for using CAs for mental health. Additionally, participants from the general population were more likely to support CAs as companions controlled by healthcare professionals rather than as additional experts for the professionals. CAs have the potential to support mental health, particularly in counselling. Future research should examine the influence of different communication media and further possibilities of augmented intelligence. With the right balance between technology and human care, integration into patient-professional interaction can be achieved.
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