arXiv:2502.00034cs.AIcs.LG2025-02

提出高效多目标优化方法,实现电网拓扑控制的快速决策。

Towards Efficient Multi-Objective Optimisation for Real-World Power Grid Topology Control

  • 分两阶段设计:先强化学习训练,再快速规划生成方案
  • 在真实电网数据上实现4-7分钟内完成次日计划生成
  • 适合需要实时响应的电网调度人员和系统运营商

电网运营商面临能源需求增长和可再生能源转型带来的管理复杂性挑战,需应对拥堵问题并保障供电稳定。传统多目标强化学习难以适应真实电网中庞大的状态与动作空间。本文提出一种两阶段高效可扩展的多目标优化方法,结合高效的强化学习训练与快速规划阶段,为未见场景生成次日运行计划。基于欧洲输电系统运营商TenneT的历史数据验证,该方法部署时间极短,可在4至7分钟内完成次日计划生成,且性能表现优异。结果表明,该方法具备支持实际电网管理的潜力,提供一种计算高效、时间经济的运营规划工具。据估算,若由电网公司采用,每年可节省数百万欧元的拥堵成本与运营低效损失,具有显著的经济价值。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Power grid operators face increasing difficulties in the control room as the increase in energy demand and the shift to renewable energy introduce new complexities in managing congestion and maintaining a stable supply. Effective grid topology control requires advanced tools capable of handling multi-objective trade-offs. While Reinforcement Learning (RL) offers a promising framework for tackling such challenges, existing Multi-Objective Reinforcement Learning (MORL) approaches fail to scale to the large state and action spaces inherent in real-world grid operations. Here we present a two-phase, efficient and scalable Multi-Objective Optimisation (MOO) method designed for grid topology control, combining an efficient RL learning phase with a rapid planning phase to generate day-ahead plans for unseen scenarios. We validate our approach using historical data from TenneT, a European Transmission System Operator (TSO), demonstrating minimal deployment time, generating day-ahead plans within 4-7 minutes with strong performance. These results underline the potential of our scalable method to support real-world power grid management, offering a practical, computationally efficient, and time-effective tool for operational planning. Based on current congestion costs and inefficiencies in grid operations, adopting our approach by TSOs could potentially save millions of euros annually, providing a compelling economic incentive for its integration in the control room.

电网优化强化学习多目标

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