arXiv:2502.00550cs.LGcs.NA2025-02被引 2

用低精度数据提升高精度模型,实现更高效精准的物理方程预测。

Muti-Fidelity Prediction and Uncertainty Quantification with Laplace Neural Operators for Parametric Partial Differential Equations

  • 融合低/高保真数据,动态调整权重提升预测精度。
  • 在四个动力系统上测试,误差降低40%至80%。
  • 适合需要可靠不确定性估计的科学计算场景。

Laplace神经算子(LNOs)在科学机器学习中展现出潜力,能学习函数空间间的非线性映射。然而该方法通常需大量高保真(HF)训练数据,获取成本高昂。为此,我们提出多保真度LNO(MF-LNO),将低保真(LF)基模型与并行的线性/非线性高保真修正器结合,并引入动态跨保真度权重机制,利用LF与HF数据的相关性,在高保真数据稀疏的情况下仍能准确预测关键量。此外,采用改进的复制交换随机梯度朗之万算法,实现更优的后验分布估计和预测不确定性量化。在洛伦兹系统、杜芬振子、伯格斯方程及布鲁塞尔反应-扩散系统四类典型动力系统上的广泛验证表明,该框架性能显著提升,测试损失相比传统方法降低40%至80%。验证了MF-LNO作为参数化偏微分方程代理建模工具的通用性,大幅提升了数据效率与不确定性感知预测能力。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Laplace Neural Operators (LNOs) have recently emerged as a promising approach in scientific machine learning due to the ability to learn nonlinear maps between functional spaces. However, this framework often requires substantial amounts of high-fidelity (HF) training data, which is often prohibitively expensive to acquire. To address this, we propose multi-fidelity Laplace Neural Operators (MF-LNOs), which combine a low-fidelity (LF) base model with parallel linear/nonlinear HF correctors and dynamic inter-fidelity weighting. This allows us to exploit correlations between LF and HF datasets and achieve accurate inference of quantities of interest even with sparse HF data. We further incorporate a modified replica exchange stochastic gradient Langevin algorithm, which enables a more effective posterior distribution estimation and uncertainty quantification in model predictions. Extensive validation across four canonical dynamical systems (the Lorenz system, Duffing oscillator, Burgers equation, and Brusselator reaction-diffusion system) demonstrates the framework's effectiveness. The results show significant improvements, with testing losses reduced by 40% to 80% compared to traditional approaches. This validates MF-LNO as a versatile tool for surrogate modeling in parametric PDEs, offering significant improvements in data efficiency and uncertainty-aware prediction.

PDE求解不确定性量化多保真度神经算子

Thank you to arXiv for use of its open access interoperability. PaperDance 不是 arXiv 官方产品;中文卡片由大模型生成,请以原文为准。