用微藻循环捕碳,结合强化学习提升吸收效率,迈向碳中和。
Circular Microalgae-Based Carbon Control for Net Zero
- 构建动态控制网络,通过初始条件依赖的控制器实现快速稳定。
- 需625倍体积微藻培养来抵消碳排放,强化学习使碳吸收显著提升。
- 首次将强化学习用于微藻控碳,适合关注低碳技术与智能控制的研究者。
全球气候变化日益严峻,碳排放导致的温室效应是主要成因。本文设计了一种基于隔室动力学热力学的网络化系统,用于循环大气中的二氧化碳。在碳排放隔室中,开发了依赖初始条件的有限时间稳定控制器,利用控制特性中的亲和性,在预定时间内确保系统稳定。为补偿碳排放,研究显示需构建体积为碳排放源625倍的微藻培养体系。为进一步提升微藻碳吸收能力,将非仿射控制的微藻动力学模型作为强化学习(RL)环境,集成至Stable-Baselines3库,测试了8种主流强化学习算法,通过20万步训练(每回合最长200步,无终止条件),所有控制器均有效提升了微藻对碳的吸收效率。该工作为实现净零排放提供了经典控制与学习型网络控制融合的新范式,代码已公开。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
The alteration of the climate in various areas of the world is of increasing concern since climate stability is a necessary condition for human survival as well as every living organism. The main reason of climate change is the greenhouse effect caused by the accumulation of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. In this paper, we design a networked system underpinned by compartmental dynamical thermodynamics to circulate the atmospheric carbon dioxide. Specifically, in the carbon dioxide emitter compartment, we develop an initial-condition-dependent finite-time stabilizing controller that guarantees stability within a desired time leveraging the system property of affinity in the control. Then, to compensate for carbon emissions we show that a cultivation of microalgae with a volume 625 times bigger than the one of the carbon emitter is required. To increase the carbon uptake of the microalgae, we implement the nonaffine-in-the-control microalgae dynamical equations as an environment of a state-of-the-art library for reinforcement learning (RL), namely, Stable-Baselines3, and then, through the library, we test the performance of eight RL algorithms for training a controller that maximizes the microalgae absorption of carbon through the light intensity. All the eight controllers increased the carbon absorption of the cultivation during a training of 200,000 time steps with a maximum episode length of 200 time steps and with no termination conditions. This work is a first step towards approaching net zero as a classical and learning-based network control problem. The source code is publicly available.
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