提出统一时空图网络,提升行人轨迹预测精度
Unified Spatial-Temporal Edge-Enhanced Graph Networks for Pedestrian Trajectory Prediction
- 设计统一时空图结构,直接建模跨时间步的行人交互
- 在多个数据集上超越现有方法,ETH上误差降低12.3%
- 适合关注行人行为建模与智能交通系统的研究者
行人轨迹预测旨在基于历史路径预测未来运动。现有时空(ST)方法通常分别建模行人之间的空间交互和个体的时间依赖性,忽略了不同时间步间行人之间直接的高阶交叉交互,限制了对时空相互依赖关系的捕捉,影响预测性能。为此,本文提出UniEdge,包含三项核心设计:首先,引入统一的时空图数据结构,将高阶跨时间交互简化为一阶关系,实现单步学习时空依赖,避免多步聚合导致的信息损失;其次,传统GNN仅关注节点特征聚合,忽视边特征中隐含的交互模式传播,提出边到边、节点到节点的图卷积(E2E-N2N-GCN),联合建模显式节点间社会交互与隐式边间影响传播;最后,针对自回归架构感受野有限、难捕捉长程依赖的问题,引入基于Transformer编码器的预测器,实现全局时间相关性建模。UniEdge在ETH、UCY、SDD等多个数据集上均优于当前最先进方法。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Pedestrian trajectory prediction aims to forecast future movements based on historical paths. Spatial-temporal (ST) methods often separately model spatial interactions among pedestrians and temporal dependencies of individuals. They overlook the direct impacts of interactions among different pedestrians across various time steps (i.e., high-order cross-time interactions). This limits their ability to capture ST inter-dependencies and hinders prediction performance. To address these limitations, we propose UniEdge with three major designs. Firstly, we introduce a unified ST graph data structure that simplifies high-order cross-time interactions into first-order relationships, enabling the learning of ST inter-dependencies in a single step. This avoids the information loss caused by multi-step aggregation. Secondly, traditional GNNs focus on aggregating pedestrian node features, neglecting the propagation of implicit interaction patterns encoded in edge features. We propose the Edge-to-Edge-Node-to-Node Graph Convolution (E2E-N2N-GCN), a novel dual-graph network that jointly models explicit N2N social interactions among pedestrians and implicit E2E influence propagation across these interaction patterns. Finally, to overcome the limited receptive fields and challenges in capturing long-range dependencies of auto-regressive architectures, we introduce a transformer encoder-based predictor that enables global modeling of temporal correlation. UniEdge outperforms state-of-the-arts on multiple datasets, including ETH, UCY, and SDD.
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