用能力方法论重新定义AI伦理，让技术设计更符合人性需求
A Capability Approach to AI Ethics
- 以能力视角重构AI伦理，关注技术对人的实际赋能
- 在医疗AI中验证该方法可有效识别伦理风险
- 适合关注公平性与人类福祉的AI设计者
我们提出一种基于能力方法论的AI伦理概念化与实施框架。该方法有助于澄清AI工具的伦理内涵，并为在设计中融入伦理考量提供指导。以医疗AI为例，我们展示基于能力的伦理审计能显著提升AI系统的公平性与可及性，确保技术真正服务于人的基本能力发展，而非仅追求效率或性能。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
We propose a conceptualization and implementation of AI ethics via the capability approach. We aim to show that conceptualizing AI ethics through the capability approach has two main advantages for AI ethics as a discipline. First, it helps clarify the ethical dimension of AI tools. Second, it provides guidance to implementing ethical considerations within the design of AI tools. We illustrate these advantages in the context of AI tools in medicine, by showing how ethics-based auditing of AI tools in medicine can greatly benefit from our capability-based approach.
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