扩展评估多智能体强化学习在复杂协作任务中的表现,发现顶尖算法在真实场景中可能失效。
An Extended Benchmarking of Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning Algorithms in Complex Fully Cooperative Tasks
- 构建包含图像观测的复杂协作任务基准,覆盖机器人协作等真实场景
- 实验显示多个顶尖算法在新基准上表现不如基础方法
- 开源PyMARLzoo+,支持多个主流环境,推动系统化评估
多智能体强化学习(MARL)近年来成为研究热点,但现有评估缺乏系统多样性,难以全面理解算法能力。现有算法主要在SMAC和GRF等团队游戏基准上测试,这些任务侧重于对抗性场景,未能充分评估真实协作任务(如多机器人协作、仓库管理、搜救、人机协同)所需的多种能力。此外,多数算法在低维状态空间上评估,对高维(如图像)观测下的表现研究不足。为此,本文拓展了现有基准的系统性评估,对知名MARL算法在复杂完全协作任务上进行广泛对比,包括使用图像作为观测的任务。结果表明,许多在SMAC和GRF上表现优异的算法,在新基准上反而低于标准基线。最后,为促进更系统化的评估,本文开源了PyMARLzoo+,作为广泛使用的(E)PyMARL库的扩展,解决了[TBG++21]提出的开放挑战,支持PettingZoo、Overcooked、PressurePlate、Capture Target和Box Pushing等所有基准的无缝集成与使用。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL) has recently emerged as a significant area of research. However, MARL evaluation often lacks systematic diversity, hindering a comprehensive understanding of algorithms' capabilities. In particular, cooperative MARL algorithms are predominantly evaluated on benchmarks such as SMAC and GRF, which primarily feature team game scenarios without assessing adequately various aspects of agents' capabilities required in fully cooperative real-world tasks such as multi-robot cooperation and warehouse, resource management, search and rescue, and human-AI cooperation. Moreover, MARL algorithms are mainly evaluated on low dimensional state spaces, and thus their performance on high-dimensional (e.g., image) observations is not well-studied. To fill this gap, this paper highlights the crucial need for expanding systematic evaluation across a wider array of existing benchmarks. To this end, we conduct extensive evaluation and comparisons of well-known MARL algorithms on complex fully cooperative benchmarks, including tasks with images as agents' observations. Interestingly, our analysis shows that many algorithms, hailed as state-of-the-art on SMAC and GRF, may underperform standard MARL baselines on fully cooperative benchmarks. Finally, towards more systematic and better evaluation of cooperative MARL algorithms, we have open-sourced PyMARLzoo+, an extension of the widely used (E)PyMARL libraries, which addresses an open challenge from [TBG++21], facilitating seamless integration and support with all benchmarks of PettingZoo, as well as Overcooked, PressurePlate, Capture Target and Box Pushing.
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