用算法连接在线投票与面对面讨论,提升民主决策的透明与参与度。
Bridging Voting and Deliberation with Algorithms: Field Insights from vTaiwan and Kultur Komitee
- 通过偏好聚类实现讨论组的同质与异质平衡,支持深度与广度并重的对话。
- 引入实时反馈机制,让用户可控地调节算法在决策中的权重,增强信任。
- 用意见空间映射和谱系可视化追踪观点变化,促进协作与共识形成。
民主过程正努力将大规模投票与面对面协商结合,以调和个人偏好与集体决策之间的矛盾。本文提出三种算法方法,并在真实场景Kultur Komitee 2024(KK24)与vTaiwan中验证其应用效果。第一,偏好聚类式协商(PCD),通过计算同质与异质群体组合,在可调大小下实现深度与广度兼顾的讨论;第二,人机协同的等额分享法(Human-in-the-loop MES),通过实时数字反馈增强算法信任,允许参与者自主决定算法在决策中的介入程度;第三,ReadTheRoom协商方法,利用意见空间映射识别共识与分歧,并以谱系化偏好可视化追踪协商过程中的观点演变。这些框架拓展了线下协商的可扩展性,为现代参与式决策提供了可落地的技术支持。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Democratic processes increasingly aim to integrate large-scale voting with face-to-face deliberation, addressing the challenge of reconciling individual preferences with collective decision-making. This work introduces new methods that use algorithms and computational tools to bridge online voting with face-to-face deliberation, tested in two real-world scenarios: Kultur Komitee 2024 (KK24) and vTaiwan. These case studies highlight the practical applications and impacts of the proposed methods. We present three key contributions: (1) Preference-based Clustering for Deliberation (PCD), which enables both in-depth and broad discussions in deliberative settings by computing homogeneous and heterogeneous group compositions with balanced and adjustable group sizes; (2) Human-in-the-loop MES, a practical method that enhances the Method of Equal Shares (MES) algorithm with real-time digital feedback. This builds algorithmic trust by giving participants full control over how much decision-making is delegated to the voting aggregation algorithm as compared to deliberation; and (3) the ReadTheRoom deliberation method, which uses opinion space mapping to identify agreement and divergence, along with spectrum-based preference visualisation to track opinion shifts during deliberation. This approach enhances transparency by clarifying collective sentiment and fosters collaboration by encouraging participants to engage constructively with differing perspectives. By introducing these actionable frameworks, this research extends in-person deliberation with scalable digital methods that address the complexities of modern decision-making in participatory processes.
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