arXiv:2502.06824cs.LGcs.AI2025-02被引 2

用混合信噪比数据训练神经网络,能提升车辆通信的信道估计性能。

Neural Network-based Vehicular Channel Estimation Performance: Effect of Noise in the Training Set

  • 在混合信噪比数据上训练神经网络,而非仅高信噪比数据。
  • 部分模型在低信噪比下表现优于仅在高信噪比训练的模型。
  • 适合研究车联网中鲁棒性信道估计的工程师与学者。

车载通信系统因高移动性和快速变化的环境而面临严峻挑战,信号传输的信道特性也随之剧烈波动。为应对这一问题,基于神经网络(NN)的信道估计算法被提出,通常假设在低噪声条件下训练可获得良好泛化能力。本文研究了在混合信噪比(SNR)数据集上训练与仅在高信噪比数据上训练的效果差异。评估的估计算法包括:使用卷积层与自注意力机制的架构;采用时序卷积网络与导频辅助估计的方法;两种结合经典方法与多层感知机的方案;以及当前最先进的结合长短期记忆网络、导频辅助与时间平均后处理的模型。结果表明,仅使用高信噪比数据训练并非最优,训练数据的信噪比范围应作为可调超参数。部分模型在低信噪比场景下,于混合信噪比数据集上训练的表现优于仅在高信噪比数据训练的版本。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Vehicular communication systems face significant challenges due to high mobility and rapidly changing environments, which affect the channel over which the signals travel. To address these challenges, neural network (NN)-based channel estimation methods have been suggested. These methods are primarily trained on high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) with the assumption that training a NN in less noisy conditions can result in good generalisation. This study examines the effectiveness of training NN-based channel estimators on mixed SNR datasets compared to training solely on high SNR datasets, as seen in several related works. Estimators evaluated in this work include an architecture that uses convolutional layers and self-attention mechanisms; a method that employs temporal convolutional networks and data pilot-aided estimation; two methods that combine classical methods with multilayer perceptrons; and the current state-of-the-art model that combines Long-Short-Term Memory networks with data pilot-aided and temporal averaging methods as post processing. Our results indicate that using only high SNR data for training is not always optimal, and the SNR range in the training dataset should be treated as a hyperparameter that can be adjusted for better performance. This is illustrated by the better performance of some models in low SNR conditions when trained on the mixed SNR dataset, as opposed to when trained exclusively on high SNR data.

信道估计神经网络车载通信

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