arXiv:2502.07192cs.CV2025-02被引 6

用硅基振荡器网络实现低功耗机器学习,模拟大脑发育过程。

OscNet: Machine Learning on CMOS Oscillator Networks

  • 基于生物启发的赫布学习规则,在振荡器网络上训练
  • 能耗远低于传统算法,性能相当甚至更优
  • 适合边缘计算与低功耗智能设备

机器学习与人工智能虽取得显著进展,但消耗大量算力与能源。为此,亟需新型节能计算架构替代现有计算流水线。近期,通过模仿脑内脉冲神经元并利用CMOS上的振荡器实现直接计算,展现出潜力。本文提出一种基于CMOS振荡器网络(OscNet)的新颖、高效机器学习框架。我们用OscNet建模胎儿视觉系统发育过程,采用生物启发的赫布学习规则更新权重。该同一流程被直接应用于标准机器学习任务。OscNet是专为硬件设计的系统,天然具备低功耗特性。其仅依赖前向传播进行训练,进一步提升能效,同时保持生物合理性。仿真验证了OscNet架构设计的有效性。实验结果表明,基于赫布学习的OscNet在性能上可媲美或超越传统机器学习算法,展现出作为节能高效计算范式的巨大潜力。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Machine learning and AI have achieved remarkable advancements but at the cost of significant computational resources and energy consumption. This has created an urgent need for a novel, energy-efficient computational fabric to replace the current computing pipeline. Recently, a promising approach has emerged by mimicking spiking neurons in the brain and leveraging oscillators on CMOS for direct computation. In this context, we propose a new and energy efficient machine learning framework implemented on CMOS Oscillator Networks (OscNet). We model the developmental processes of the prenatal brain's visual system using OscNet, updating weights based on the biologically inspired Hebbian rule. This same pipeline is then directly applied to standard machine learning tasks. OscNet is a specially designed hardware and is inherently energy-efficient. Its reliance on forward propagation alone for training further enhances its energy efficiency while maintaining biological plausibility. Simulation validates our designs of OscNet architectures. Experimental results demonstrate that Hebbian learning pipeline on OscNet achieves performance comparable to or even surpassing traditional machine learning algorithms, highlighting its potential as a energy efficient and effective computational paradigm.

低功耗计算振荡器网络赫布学习类脑计算

Thank you to arXiv for use of its open access interoperability. PaperDance 不是 arXiv 官方产品;中文卡片由大模型生成,请以原文为准。