arXiv:2502.08150cs.LGcs.AI2025-02被引 20

用相对论约束生成模型采样速度,提升稳定性与效率。

Force Matching with Relativistic Constraints: A Physics-Inspired Approach to Stable and Efficient Generative Modeling

  • 引入洛伦兹因子限制样本速度,实现动态稳定
  • 在半环数据集上误差低至0.714,显著优于基线
  • 适合追求高效稳定生成的科研与工程应用

本文提出力匹配(ForM)框架,首次探索将狭义相对论力学引入生成建模以增强采样过程的稳定性。通过引入洛伦兹因子施加速度约束,确保样本速度始终受控于固定上限。该约束作为核心机制,使生成动力学更稳健可控。理论分析证明,在整个采样过程中速度约束得以保持。大量实验证明其有效性:在半环数据集上,ForM的欧氏距离损失仅为0.714,远低于一阶流匹配(5.853)和一阶二阶联合流匹配(5.793)。消融实验进一步验证了速度约束对稳定性的关键作用。理论保证与实证结果表明,将相对论原理融入生成建模具有巨大潜力。本研究为高维生成建模提供了新路径,开辟了物理规律在机器学习中应用的新方向。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

This paper introduces Force Matching (ForM), a novel framework for generative modeling that represents an initial exploration into leveraging special relativistic mechanics to enhance the stability of the sampling process. By incorporating the Lorentz factor, ForM imposes a velocity constraint, ensuring that sample velocities remain bounded within a constant limit. This constraint serves as a fundamental mechanism for stabilizing the generative dynamics, leading to a more robust and controlled sampling process. We provide a rigorous theoretical analysis demonstrating that the velocity constraint is preserved throughout the sampling procedure within the ForM framework. To validate the effectiveness of our approach, we conduct extensive empirical evaluations. On the \textit{half-moons} dataset, ForM significantly outperforms baseline methods, achieving the lowest Euclidean distance loss of \textbf{0.714}, in contrast to vanilla first-order flow matching (5.853) and first- and second-order flow matching (5.793). Additionally, we perform an ablation study to further investigate the impact of our velocity constraint, reaffirming the superiority of ForM in stabilizing the generative process. The theoretical guarantees and empirical results underscore the potential of integrating special relativity principles into generative modeling. Our findings suggest that ForM provides a promising pathway toward achieving stable, efficient, and flexible generative processes. This work lays the foundation for future advancements in high-dimensional generative modeling, opening new avenues for the application of physical principles in machine learning.

生成模型相对论稳定性

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