用专家关键词加权改进主题模型,让冷门但关键术语更易被发现。
Fine-Tuning Topics through Weighting Aspect Keywords
- 结合专家标注关键词与主题分布,迭代优化主题相关性。
- 在量子通信研究中提升低频关键词可见度与主题一致性。
- 适合需要专家知识融合的快速演变领域研究者使用。
组织面临从海量专业文本中获取有意义洞察的挑战。传统主题模型多为静态无监督方法,难以适应量子加密等快速演进领域,缺乏上下文感知能力,无法便捷融入新兴专家知识或子领域细微变化,且常忽略罕见但重要的术语,限制了早期信号的发现与专家驱动洞察的对齐。为此,本文采用设计科学方法论,构建一种基于专家输入加权的框架,通过迭代融合专家标注关键词与主题分布,提升特定研究领域中的主题相关性与文档匹配精度。该框架包含四个阶段:(1) 初始主题建模,(2) 专家定义主题维度,(3) 基于余弦相似度的有监督文档对齐,(4) 迭代优化直至收敛。应用于量子通信研究,该方法显著提升了关键但低频术语的可见性,增强了主题内聚性,并使主题更贴近专家关注的密码学重点。相较于基线模型,该框架提高了簇内相似性,重新划分了大量文档至更符合主题的聚类。对2023与2024年量子密码会议论文的评估显示,模型能有效捕捉讨论重心从理论基础向实施挑战的转变。研究表明,专家引导的加权主题建模可显著提升模型可解释性与适应性。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Organizations face growing challenges in deriving meaningful insights from vast amounts of specialized text data. Conventional topic modeling techniques are typically static and unsupervised, making them ill-suited for fast-evolving fields like quantum cryptography. These models lack contextual awareness and cannot easily incorporate emerging expert knowledge or subtle shifts in subdomains. Moreover, they often overlook rare but meaningful terms, limiting their ability to surface early signals or align with expert-driven insights essential for strategic understanding. To tackle these gaps, we employ design science research methodology to create a framework that enhances topic modeling by weighting aspects based on expert-informed input. It combines expert-curated keywords with topic distributions iteratively to improve topic relevance and document alignment accuracy in specialized research areas. The framework comprises four phases, including (1) initial topic modeling, (2) expert aspect definition, (3) supervised document alignment using cosine similarity, and (4) iterative refinement until convergence. Applied to quantum communication research, this method improved the visibility of critical but low-frequency terms. It also enhanced topic coherence and aligned topics with the cryptographic priorities identified by experts. Compared to the baseline model, this framework increased intra-cluster similarity. It reclassified a substantial portion of documents into more thematically accurate clusters. Evaluating QCrypt 2023 and 2024 conference papers showed that the model adapts well to changing discussions, marking a shift from theoretical foundations to implementation challenges. This study illustrates that expert-guided, aspect-weighted topic modeling boosts interpretability and adaptability.
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