让多方利益相关者共同参与决策,平衡公平与效率。
Beyond Predictions: A Participatory Framework for Multi-Stakeholder Decision-Making
- 将决策建模为多方协作优化问题,支持灵活调整偏好。
- 通过合成评分机制评估策略,实现性能、公平性协同优化。
- 适用于医疗、司法等高风险场景,适合政策制定者参考。
传统自动化决策支持系统过度追求预测准确性,忽视了现实场景中各利益相关方偏好可能冲突的问题,导致弱势群体受损并削弱对算法的信任。参与式人工智能虽有望解决此问题,但多限于特定情境,难以推广。为此,我们提出一种参与式框架,将决策重构为多利益相关方的学习与优化问题。该模块化、模型无关的方法在标准机器学习训练流程基础上,可微调用户提供的预测模型,并评估包括妥协函数在内的决策策略,以调解各方权衡。通过合成评分机制聚合用户定义的多维度偏好,对策略进行排序并选出最优决策者,生成兼顾性能、公平性与领域目标的可操作建议。在两个高风险案例研究中的实证验证表明,该框架具备广泛应用潜力,是更具问责性和情境感知性的社会影响部署替代方案。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Conventional automated decision-support systems often prioritize predictive accuracy, overlooking the complexities of real-world settings where stakeholders' preferences may diverge or conflict. This can lead to outcomes that disadvantage vulnerable groups and erode trust in algorithmic processes. Participatory AI approaches aim to address these issues but remain largely context-specific, limiting their broader applicability and scalability. To address these gaps, we propose a participatory framework that reframes decision-making as a multi-stakeholder learning and optimization problem. Our modular, model-agnostic approach builds on the standard machine learning training pipeline to fine-tune user-provided prediction models and evaluate decision strategies, including compromise functions that mediate stakeholder trade-offs. A synthetic scoring mechanism aggregates user-defined preferences across multiple metrics, ranking strategies and selecting an optimal decision-maker to generate actionable recommendations that jointly optimize performance, fairness, and domain-specific goals. Empirical validation on two high-stakes case studies demonstrates the versatility of the framework and its promise as a more accountable, context-aware alternative to prediction-centric pipelines for socially impactful deployments.
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