针对中文医学文本复杂语义,提出联合抽取模型提升实体与关系识别效果。
The Joint Entity-Relation Extraction Model Based on Span and Interactive Fusion Representation for Chinese Medical Texts with Complex Semantics
- 设计跨任务交互融合模块,双向传递实体与关系信息
- 在自建数据集上实体识别F1达96.73%,关系抽取78.43%
- 适用于医疗知识图谱构建,对中文医学文本有强适配性
联合实体-关系抽取是将非结构化或半结构化文本转化为三元组的关键任务,有助于构建大规模知识图谱并支持下游应用。尽管重要,针对中文文本尤其是医学等专业领域复杂语义的研究仍较有限。为此,我们构建了中文药物相互作用数据集CH-DDI,以捕捉医学文本的复杂性。利用注意力机制捕捉长距离依赖的优势,提出SEA模块以增强复杂上下文语义信息的提取,从而提升实体识别与关系抽取性能。此外,为解决现有方法在实体识别与关系抽取间信息交换效率低的问题,提出交互式融合表示模块,通过交叉注意力实现双向信息交互,并结合BiLSTM进一步优化特征提取。在自建的CH-DDI数据集及公开的CoNLL04数据集上的实验表明,该模型具有强泛化能力:在CH-DDI上,实体识别F1为96.73%,关系抽取为78.43%;在CoNLL04上,实体识别精确率为89.54%,关系抽取准确率为71.64%。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Joint entity-relation extraction is a critical task in transforming unstructured or semi-structured text into triplets, facilitating the construction of large-scale knowledge graphs, and supporting various downstream applications. Despite its importance, research on Chinese text, particularly with complex semantics in specialized domains like medicine, remains limited. To address this gap, we introduce the CH-DDI, a Chinese drug-drug interactions dataset designed to capture the intricacies of medical text. Leveraging the strengths of attention mechanisms in capturing long-range dependencies, we propose the SEA module, which enhances the extraction of complex contextual semantic information, thereby improving entity recognition and relation extraction. Additionally, to address the inefficiencies of existing methods in facilitating information exchange between entity recognition and relation extraction, we present an interactive fusion representation module. This module employs Cross Attention for bidirectional information exchange between the tasks and further refines feature extraction through BiLSTM. Experimental results on both our CH-DDI dataset and public CoNLL04 dataset demonstrate that our model exhibits strong generalization capabilities. On the CH-DDI dataset, our model achieves an F1-score of 96.73% for entity recognition and 78.43% for relation extraction. On the CoNLL04 dataset, it attains an entity recognition precision of 89.54% and a relation extraction accuracy of 71.64%.
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