arXiv:2502.10218cs.RO2025-02中稿 · publication at ECM…被引 1

用MPC提升Anafi无人机追踪精度,打通Sphinx与Gazebo仿真壁垒

A Multi-Simulation Approach with Model Predictive Control for Anafi Drones

  • 将Anafi无人机的Sphinx仿真接入Gazebo,通过镜像实例实现跨平台集成
  • 基于累积误差状态设计MPC控制器,在动态场景中追踪成功率提升显著
  • 适用于需高精度无人机控制的仿真测试与真实飞行验证场景

仿真框架对机器人安全开发至关重要,但不同组件常需在不同环境模拟,集成困难。尤其对于部分开源或闭源仿真器,普遍存在两个问题:(i) 无法通过ROS等接口实时控制场景中的动作主体;(ii) 无法获取物体实时状态数据(如位姿、速度)。本文第一部分通过在Gazebo环境中嵌入镜像无人机实例,将帕罗特公司Sphinx仿真(用于Anafi无人机)成功集成至Gazebo。该方法支持跨平台交互。第二部分针对Anafi默认的基于PID的控制器在快速目标追踪中敏捷性不足的问题,提出一种模型预测控制器(MPC),利用累积误差状态优化追踪性能。实验表明,该MPC在动态场景中显著优于内置PID控制器。我们通过将Anafi无人机引入现有基于Gazebo的飞艇仿真系统,并在仿真与真实实验中对比自定义PID基准,验证了该集成框架的有效性。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Simulation frameworks are essential for the safe development of robotic applications. However, different components of a robotic system are often best simulated in different environments, making full integration challenging. This is particularly true for partially-open or closed-source simulators, which commonly suffer from two limitations: (i) lack of runtime control over scene actors via interfaces like ROS, and (ii) restricted access to real-time state data (e.g., pose, velocity) of scene objects. In the first part of this work, we address these issues by integrating aerial drones simulated in Parrot's Sphinx environment (used for Anafi drones) into the Gazebo simulator. Our approach uses a mirrored drone instance embedded within Gazebo environments to bridge the two simulators. One key application is aerial target tracking, a common task in multi-robot systems. However, Parrot's default PID-based controller lacks the agility needed for tracking fast-moving targets. To overcome this, in the second part of this work we develop a model predictive controller (MPC) that leverages cumulative error states to improve tracking accuracy. Our MPC significantly outperforms the built-in PID controller in dynamic scenarios, increasing the effectiveness of the overall system. We validate our integrated framework by incorporating the Anafi drone into an existing Gazebo-based airship simulation and rigorously test the MPC against a custom PID baseline in both simulated and real-world experiments.

无人机仿真MPC控制多仿真融合

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