arXiv:2502.11305cs.LG2025-02被引 1

非均匀采样比随机采样更有效,能显著缓解模型遗忘问题。

Non-Uniform Memory Sampling in Experience Replay

  • 设计50种非均匀采样策略,对比传统均匀采样效果
  • 在多种数据集、模型和缓存大小下,总有非均匀策略表现更优
  • 为改进持续学习的回放机制提供新方向,适合研究者参考

持续学习是机器学习模型在任务序列中逐步学习的过程,数据分布随时间变化。其主要挑战是灾难性遗忘——学习新任务时旧任务性能大幅下降。一种常见缓解方法是经验回放:将部分旧样本存入记忆缓冲区并重放。尽管现有研究关注存储哪些样本及如何融合到损失函数,但普遍默认从缓冲区采样是均匀的。本文挑战这一假设,设计实验:缓冲区更新方式相同,但每轮使用不同的随机权重分配进行非均匀采样。共生成50种非均匀采样概率分布,与均匀采样基线比较最终准确率。结果表明,在多种缓冲区大小、模型和数据集上,总存在至少一种非均匀采样策略显著优于基线。这说明更智能的自适应回放策略有望进一步提升性能。该发现可推动非均匀记忆采样在持续学习中的新研究。代码已开源。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Continual learning is the process of training machine learning models on a sequence of tasks where data distributions change over time. A well-known obstacle in this setting is catastrophic forgetting, a phenomenon in which a model drastically loses performance on previously learned tasks when learning new ones. A popular strategy to alleviate this problem is experience replay, in which a subset of old samples is stored in a memory buffer and replayed with new data. Despite continual learning advances focusing on which examples to store and how to incorporate them into the training loss, most approaches assume that sampling from this buffer is uniform by default. We challenge the assumption that uniform sampling is necessarily optimal. We conduct an experiment in which the memory buffer updates the same way in every trial, but the replay probability of each stored sample changes between trials based on different random weight distributions. Specifically, we generate 50 different non-uniform sampling probability weights for each trial and compare their final accuracy to the uniform sampling baseline. We find that there is always at least one distribution that significantly outperforms the baseline across multiple buffer sizes, models, and datasets. These results suggest that more principled adaptive replay policies could yield further gains. We discuss how exploiting this insight could inspire new research on non-uniform memory sampling in continual learning to better mitigate catastrophic forgetting. The code supporting this study is available at $\href{https://github.com/DentonJC/memory-sampling}{https://github.com/DentonJC/memory-sampling}$.

持续学习经验回放采样策略遗忘抑制

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