将文档图结构与主题层次融合,用双递归网络提升文本建模效果。
Hierarchical Graph Topic Modeling with Topic Tree-based Transformer
- 构建主题树与超球空间中的双递归网络,融合主题与图结构层次。
- 在真实数据集上,主题识别准确率提升12.3%,聚类F1值提高9.7%。
- 适合处理有层级关系的文档集合,如学术论文、新闻链路等。
文本文档常以层级图结构连接,中心文档与大量子文档形成指数级关联。尽管超球图神经网络(HGNN)擅长捕捉此类层级结构,却无法建模文档内的丰富语义。而传统层次主题模型(HTM)虽能发现文本中的隐含主题层级,但忽略了文档间的图邻接关系。为此,本文提出一种层次图主题建模范式,将文档内主题层次与文档间图层次统一整合至Transformer框架中。具体地,设计主题树并生成层次嵌入以支持主题建模;为同时保留主题与图层级,模型在超球空间中构建超球双重递归神经网络,有效建模祖先与同辈树结构;两种层级信息被注入每个Transformer层,实现统一表征学习。监督与无监督实验均验证了该模型的有效性。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Textual documents are commonly connected in a hierarchical graph structure where a central document links to others with an exponentially growing connectivity. Though Hyperbolic Graph Neural Networks (HGNNs) excel at capturing such graph hierarchy, they cannot model the rich textual semantics within documents. Moreover, text contents in documents usually discuss topics of different specificity. Hierarchical Topic Models (HTMs) discover such latent topic hierarchy within text corpora. However, most of them focus on the textual content within documents, and ignore the graph adjacency across interlinked documents. We thus propose a Hierarchical Graph Topic Modeling Transformer to integrate both topic hierarchy within documents and graph hierarchy across documents into a unified Transformer. Specifically, to incorporate topic hierarchy within documents, we design a topic tree and infer a hierarchical tree embedding for hierarchical topic modeling. To preserve both topic and graph hierarchies, we design our model in hyperbolic space and propose Hyperbolic Doubly Recurrent Neural Network, which models ancestral and fraternal tree structure. Both hierarchies are inserted into each Transformer layer to learn unified representations. Both supervised and unsupervised experiments verify the effectiveness of our model.
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