arXiv:2502.13027cs.CV2025-02被引 1

EAGLE让病理图像分析快100倍,只看关键区域,结果更可信。

A deep learning framework for efficient pathology image analysis

  • 只分析病理切片中的重要区域,跳过冗余信息
  • 处理一张切片仅需2.27秒,速度提升超99%
  • 适合需要快速、可解释病理AI的临床和研究场景

人工智能已改变数字病理学,可从高分辨率全切片图像(WSIs)中预测生物标志物。但现有方法计算效率低,每张切片处理数千个冗余瓦片,且依赖复杂聚合模型。我们提出EAGLE(高效引导局部检查方法),模拟病理医生,仅选择性分析有意义区域。EAGLE包含两个基础模型:CHIEF用于高效瓦片筛选,Virchow2用于提取高质量特征。在涵盖9种癌症类型的43项任务中,包括形态学、生物标志物预测、治疗反应与预后,对齐领先滑块级与瓦片级基础模型进行基准测试。EAGLE相比最先进瓦片聚合方法性能最高提升23%,整体达到最高AUROC。单张切片处理时间仅2.27秒,较现有模型降低超过99%计算耗时。该效率支持实时工作流,可快速审查每项预测所用瓦片,减少对高性能计算依赖,使AI病理更易获取。通过系统性负控与注意力集中分析,有效识别有意义区域并减少伪影,提供稳健可审计输出。其统一嵌入支持快速切片搜索、多组学管道集成及新兴临床基础模型应用。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Artificial intelligence (AI) has transformed digital pathology by enabling biomarker prediction from high-resolution whole-slide images (WSIs). However, current methods are computationally inefficient, processing thousands of redundant tiles per WSI and requiring complex aggregator models. We introduce EAGLE (Efficient Approach for Guided Local Examination), a deep learning framework that emulates pathologists by selectively analyzing informative regions. EAGLE incorporates two foundation models: CHIEF for efficient tile selection and Virchow2 for extracting high-quality features. Benchmarking was conducted against leading slide- and tile-level foundation models across 43 tasks from nine cancer types, spanning morphology, biomarker prediction, treatment response and prognosis. EAGLE outperformed state-of-the-art patch aggregation methods by up to 23% and achieved the highest AUROC overall. It processed a slide in 2.27 seconds, reducing computational time by more than 99% compared to existing models. This efficiency enables real-time workflows, allows rapid review of the exact tiles used for each prediction, and reduces dependence on high-performance computing, making AI-powered pathology more accessible. By reliably identifying meaningful regions and minimizing artifacts, EAGLE provides robust and auditable outputs, supported by systematic negative controls and attention concentration analyses. Its unified embedding enables rapid slide searches, integration into multi-omics pipelines and emerging clinical foundation models.

病理分析深度学习效率优化

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